Extreme Tribology Fundamentals and Challenges 1st Edition by Ahmed Abdelbary 0429828973 9780429828973

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ISBN-10 :  0429828973 

ISBN-13 :  9780429828973

Author: Ahmed Abdelbary 

Tribology is an unfamiliar term for many, but is experienced by all. It is the science of friction, wear and lubrication of contacting surfaces in relative motion. The aim of this book is to introduce the fundamentals of tribology as well as its challenges in extreme operating conditions. The book comprises a historical background and an introduction to familiarize both undergraduate and postgraduate readers with such an important topic. It addresses a comprehensive coverage of classical tribology of solid contacts, friction mechanics, wear mechanisms and lubrication technologies. The tribology of polymer composites, MEMS and NEMS are explored. In addition, tribology of automotive components is presented, as are tribological applications in many practical situations.Various test methods used in evaluating wear are reviewed. Diverse techniques applied in predicting wear behavior by mathematical models, FE modeling and ANN approach are discussed. The book reviews key features of extraordinary conditions associated with, but not limited to, harsh environments, severe sliding and poor lubrication challenges. A basic understanding of failure modes in tribological systems is covered. The state-of-the-art research on tribology under these extreme conditions is extensively discussed, which will be of interest to researchers. The book highlights solutions for extreme tribology problems and provides an overview of various factors affecting tribosystems in harsh conditions.

Extreme Tribology Fundamentals and Challenges 1st table of contents:

1. Introduction to Tribology
1.1 Introduction
1.2 History of Tribology
1.3 Development and Future Challenges
1.4 Knowledge of Tribology: Education, Publications and Researches
References
2. Tribo-material Properties
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Volume Properties
2.2.1 Elastic Deformation
2.2.2 Plastic Deformation
2.2.3 Creep Deformation
2.2.4 Hardness
2.2.5 Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics
2.3 Thermal Properties
2.4 Surface Properties
2.4.1 Adhesion
2.4.2 Surface Reactivity
2.4.3 Surface Roughness
2.5 Lubricant Properties
2.5.1 Density and Specific Gravity
2.5.2 Viscosity
2.5.3 Thermal Properties
2.5.4 Other Properties
References
3. Friction
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Contact of Solid Surfaces
3.3 Theories of Friction
3.3.1 Adhesion Theory of Friction
3.3.2 Junction Growth Theory
3.3.3 Asperity Interlocking Theory
3.3.4 Stick-Slip Theory
3.4 Laws of Sliding Friction
3.5 Laws of Rolling Friction
3.6 Factors Affecting Friction and Wear
3.6.1 Applied Load
3.6.2 Temperature
3.6.3 Sliding Speed
3.6.4 Material Compatibility
3.6.5 Surface Roughness
3.6.6 Environment and Surface Films
3.7 Friction Measurements
3.7.1 Sliding Friction Measurement
3.7.2 Rolling Friction Measurement
3.8 Frictional Heating
3.9 Contact Surface Temperature
3.10 Contact Temperature Measurement
References
4. Wear
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Wear Mechanisms
4.2.1 Adhesive Wear
4.2.2 Abrasive Wear
4.2.3 Surface Fatigue Wear
4.2.4 Corrosive Wear
4.2.5 Fretting Wear
4.2.6 Impact Wear
4.2.7 Erosive Wear
4.2.8 Thermal Wear
4.2.9 Other Types of Wear
4.3 Wear-regime Maps
4.4 Generation of Wear Debris
4.5 Measurement of Wear (Tribo-measurements)
4.5.1 Sliding Wear Test
4.5.2 Rolling Wear Test
4.5.3 Scratch Wear Test
4.5.4 Abrasion Wear Test
4.5.5 Erosion Wear Test
4.5.6 Impact Wear Test
References
5. Lubricants and Lubrication
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Types of Lubricants
5.2.1 Solid Lubricants
5.2.2 Liquid Lubricants
5.2.3 Gaseous Lubricants
5.3 Fluid Film Lubrication
5.3.1 Laminar and Turbulent Flow
5.3.2 Derivation of Reynolds Equation
5.3.3 Lubrication Regimes
5.3.4 Hydrostatic Lubrication
5.4 Gas-lubricated Bearings
5.4.1 Definition and Background
5.4.2 Fundamentals and Design Features
5.4.3 Classification and Configurations
5.5 Solid Film Lubrication
5.5.1 Solid Lubrication Mechanisms
5.5.2 Advantages and Applications of Solid Lubrication
5.5.3 Disadvantages of Solid Lubrication
5.5.4 Friction and Wear Testing of Solid Lubricants
5.6 Grease Lubrication
5.6.1 Definition
5.6.2 Scientific Fundamentals
5.6.3 Applications
5.6.4 Testing of Grease
5.7 Additives
References
6. Tribology of Polymer and their Composites
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Wear of Polymers
6.2.1 Abrasive Wear
6.2.2 Adhesive Wear
6.2.3 Surface Fatigue Wear
6.2.4 Other Forms of Wear
6.3 Friction of Polymers
6.4 Severity Parameters for Friction and Wear of Polymers
6.4.1 Sliding Speed
6.4.2 Sliding Temperature
6.4.3 Counterface Roughness
6.4.4 Applied Load and Contact Pressure
6.4.5 Material Properties
6.4.6 Humidity and Surface Wettability
6.5 Lubrication
6.5.1 External Lubrication
6.5.2 Internal Lubrication
6.5.3 Factors Contributing to Water Lubricated Polymers
6.6 Sliding Mechanics of Polymers
6.6.1 Transfer Film Formation
6.6.2 Wear Regimes
6.6.3 pv-limit
6.6.4 Thermal and Chemical Degradation
6.6.5 Generation of Wear Debris
6.6.6 Surface and Subsurface Cracking
6.7 Wear and Friction of Polymer Composites
6.7.1 Mechanisms of Failure
6.7.2 Continuous Unidirectional Fiber Composites
6.7.3 Short Fiber Reinforced Composites
6.7.4 Particulate-filled Composites
6.7.5 Laminated Fiber Reinforced Composite
References
7. Tribology of Automotive Components
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Piston Ring
7.2.1 Piston Ring Assembly
7.2.2 Piston Ring Groove
7.2.3 Tribology of Piston Ring
7.3 Valvetrain Mechanism
7.3.1 Valve and Valve Seat
7.3.2 Cam and Tappet
7.4 Crankshaft Bearing
7.5 Clutches and Brakes
7.5.1 Clutches
7.5.2 Brakes
7.6 Automotive Lubricants
7.6.1 Engine Oils
7.6.2 Transmission Fluids
7.6.3 Gear Lubricants
References
8. Friction and Wear in Extreme Conditions
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Challenges in Tribology
8.3 Friction and Wear Under Extreme Loads
8.3.1 Wheel-rail Interactions
8.3.2 Effect of Cyclic Loading on Wear of Polymers
8.4 Micro/Nano-Scale Friction and Wear
8.5 Friction and Wear at Extreme Temperatures
8.5.1 Mechanisms of Wear at High Temperatures
8.5.2 Effect of Surface Oxidation
8.5.3 Effect of Applied Load
8.5.4 Effect of Surface Texture
8.5.5 High Temperature Tribometers
8.6 Friction and Wear at Extremely Low Temperatures
8.6.1 The Challenge in Wheel/Rail Interaction
8.6.2 Sliding on Snow and Ice
8.6.3 Low Temperature Tribometers (Cryotribometers)
8.7 Friction and Wear at High Speeds
8.8 Friction and Wear Under Vacuum Conditions
8.8.1 Friction in Vacuum
8.8.2 Wear in Vacuum
8.8.3 Vacuum Tribometers
8.9 Wear in Mining and Mineral Processing
8.10 Geotribology
8.11 Abrasion of Concrete Paver Blocks
8.11.1 Effect of Slag Replacement Level
8.11.2 Effect of Slag Content (Mix Ratio)
References
9. Lubrication and Coating Challenges in Extreme Conditions
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Lubrication Challenges
9.2.1 Lubrication at High Temperatures
9.2.2 Lubrication at Low Temperatures and in Cryogenic Environments
9.2.3 Lubrication Under Extreme Pressures
9.2.4 Lubrication in Vacuum (Space Tribology)
9.2.5 Lubrication in High Dust and Dirty Areas
9.2.6 Lubrication in Radiation Environments
9.2.7 Lubrication in Corrosive Environments
9.2.8 Lubrication in Limited Weight Applications
9.2.9 Lubrication in Natural and Artificial Joints
9.3 Coating Challenges
9.3.1 Space Applications
9.3.2 Biomedical Applications
9.3.3 Plasma Sprayed Slag Coatings
9.3.4 Polymer Coatings for Extreme Working Conditions
9.4 Surface Treatment Challenges
9.4.1 Applications in Automotive Industry
9.4.2 Surface Treatment of Polymers
References
10. Simulation and Modeling of Tribo-Systems
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Empirical Equations and Mathematical Models
10.2.1 Empirical Equations
10.2.2 Mathematical Models
10.3 Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
10.3.1 FEA of Wear in Pin-on-disk Configuration
10.3.2 FEA of Frictional Heating and Contact Temperature (Thermal FEA)
10.4 Dimensional Analysis
10.5 Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
10.5.1 Fundamentals of Neural Network Approach
10.5.2 Prediction of Wear and Friction of Aluminum Composites
10.5.3 Prediction of Wear of Polyamide
References
11. Failure of Tribo-Systems
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Bearing Failure
11.2.1 Rolling Contact Fatigue (RCF)
11.2.2 Overheating
11.2.3 Wear
11.2.4 Corrosion
11.3 Gear Failure
11.4 Cam/Follower Failure
11.5 Wheel/Rail Failure
11.6 Failure of Artificial Joints

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