Language Policy Beyond the State 1st Edition by Maarja Siiner 3319529936 9783319529936

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ISBN-10 :  3319529936 

ISBN-13 :  9783319529936

Author:   Maarja Siiner 

Language Policy beyond the State invites readers to (re-)consider the ways language policy is constituted, taken up, and researched if we look within and past the state. Contributors to this edited volume draw attention to language policy as always in the making, focusing on agency, on-the-ground practices, and ideologies. The chapters of the book reveal how simultaneous, and at times contradicting, language policies exist within a state and explore the complex roles played by families, businesses, educational institutions, and media in generating and appropriating these policies.  By moving away from language policy analysis concerned primarily with how official state policies address well-defined language problems, some of the contributions of the volume highlight how the problems themselves can be ideological artifacts or are discursively constructed in language ideological debates that are provoked by changes in the geopolitical situation in the region.  Using qualitative and descriptive research, the book uses Estonia as a setting to examine the ways historic and contemporary populations navigate language policies in both local and transnational spaces. As a whole, the collection speaks eloquently and powerfully to current efforts to understand and map the ways multiple institutions and individuals—not just the state—play an active role in forming and taking up language policies.

Language Policy Beyond the State 1st Table of contents:

1 Introduction
2 Language, Policy & the State
3 Language Policies Beyond the State?
3.1 Decentering the State: Globalization, Migration, Regionalism
3.2 Language-Policy Agents Beyond the State?
4 Why Focus on Estonia in Language Policy Research?
4.1 Estonia’s Borderland Existence
4.2 Estonia’s Dynamism
4.3 Newly Emerging Speech Communities
5 Spatial and Temporal Reconsiderations: An Overview of the Volume
5.1 Space
5.2 Time
References
Part I: Spatial Reconsiderations: State Decentered by Migration and Globalization
Priming Language Political Issues as Issues of State Security: A Corpus-Assisted Discourse Analys
1 Introduction
2 Russian-Speaking Minority and Media
3 Theoretical and Methodological Considerations
3.1 State Security and Language Planning
3.2 Corpus-Assisted Discourse Studies
3.3 Discourse Analysis of Language Ideological Debates
4 Corpus-Assisted Analysis of Language Ideological Debates on the Delfi News Portal, August 2013
4.1 Building the Corpora
4.2 Electoral Debates and Priming
4.3 Corpus-Assisted Analysis of the Corpora
4.3.1 The Tentative Keyness of the Corpora March 2014 – February 2015
4.3.2 Concordancing Narva
5 Discussion
References
Doing Language Policy: Teasing Out the Tensions for Transnational Scholars in Estonian and Danis
1 Language and Transnational Scholars in the International University
2 The Internationalization of HE in Two Contexts: Theory, Method and Analysis
2.1 Language and Strategy Policy Documents at the University of Tartu and at the University of
2.2 Transnational Scholars’ Language Practices
3 Discussion and Conclusions
References
Swedishization or Internationalization? Negotiating the Common Language and Culture in a Swedish
1 Introduction
2 Methodological Challenges
2.1 Asking the Right Questions
2.2 Nexus Analysis as a Tool for Studying Complex Social Phenomena
3 The Case Study of the Swedish-Baltic Financial Institution N
3.1 Obtaining the Necessary Data
3.2 Navigating the Cycles of Discourse in Interaction Order and Historical Bodies
3.3 Tracing the Cycles Further
4 Discussion and Conclusion – Nexus Analysis of Hidden Language Management
References
Emerging Language Political Agency Among Estonian Native Speakers in Finland
1 Introduction: The Research Agenda
2 Theoretical and Methodological Considerations, and Data
3 The Multilingual Situation and Legal Framework in Finland in Brief
4 Estonian-Speakers in Finland: From Sporadic Emigres to the Second- Largest Immigrant Group
5 Estonian in Day-Care and Compulsory Education Sites in Helsinki
5.1 Estonian-Language Day-Care Initiatives and Language Ideologies in Connection with Day-Care in
5.2 Language Practices and Management in a School with an Estonian-Finnish Bilingual Program
6 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Parental Attitudes and Family Conversational Strategies Shaping the Family Language Policies of T
1 Introduction
2 Theoretical Background of FLP in Bilingual Estonian-­Finnish Families
2.1 Studying Family Language Policy
2.2 Studies Concerning Conversational Strategies, Code-­Switching, and Attitudes
2.3 OPOL: Model or Strategy?
2.4 Estonians in Finland, Finns in Estonia
3 Research Method
3.1 Data Collection
3.2 The Setting
3.3 Interviews with the Parents
3.4 Recordings of the Conversations with the Children and Their Families
3.4.1 Interviews at the Age of 10–11
3.5 Informant Children and Families
3.5.1 Child 1 (CHI1) and Her Family (Family 1)
3.5.2 Child 2 (CHI2) and His Family (Family2)
4 Findings
5 Conclusion
References
Young Swedish-Estonian Returnees to Estonia: Reflections on Family Language Policy and a Multili
1 Introduction
2 FLP and Children’s Retrospective View
3 Swedish-Estonians, Estonian Language and Identity
4 Data Collection and Informants
4.1 Interviews
4.2 Informants
5 Strategies
6 Narrative Summaries
6.1 M1 – A Diasporic, Multilingual Identity
6.2 M2 – Dislike for Language Mixing
6.3 F1 – Language as a (Creative) Tool
6.4 F2 – Proud to Be an Estonian(-Speaker)
7 Discussion
7.1 Policy Creation and Implementation
7.2 Place, Purity and Multilingualism
8 Conclusions
References
Part II: Temporal Reconsiderations: State Decentered by Enduring Connections and New Patterns
Negotiating a Place for German in Estonia: Contemporary Functions, Attitudes and Policies
1 Introduction: Past Contexts of German in Estonia and Theoretical and Methodological Agenda
2 German Language Skills and Attitudes Towards German in Estonia
3 Practices and Policies: A “Taking Up” of the Historical Role of German
4 Policies Influencing the Role of German as an L1 in Estonia Today
5 Exterior Language Policies by Germany and Austria
6 German Language Policies in Business and Tourism
7 Beliefs, Policies and Practices in the Educational Sector
8 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Web Sites (All Accessed on September 15, 2015):
From Literary Languages to Dialectal Varieties to Microlanguages?: Historical Perspectives on Lan
1 Introduction
2 Key Concepts for Navigating Between Language, ‘a Language’, and Dialect
3 The Divergent Development of South Estonian and Latgalian as Literary Languages
3.1 The Protracted Emergence of Literary Varieties in the Northern Baltic Region
3.2 Other Written Languages and Varieties
4 ‘One Plus One Equals One’: The Creation of Standardised National Languages
4.1 Selection of Norm
4.2 Creating National Languages: Codification, Elaboration and Acceptance
5 Framing South Estonian and Latgalian as ‘Varieties’ of Estonian and Latvian
5.1 Estonian ‘Regional Varieties’ and ‘Dialects’
5.2 A ‘Historic Variant’ of Latvian
6 The Revitalisation of South Estonian and Latgalian: Renewed Divergence and Convergence?
7 Conclusion
References
Policy Drag & Resiliency: Teachers’ Response to Voluntary Language Policy in Southeastern Estoni
1 Introduction
2 Resiliency
3 Context
4 Methods
5 Findings & Discussion
5.1 Teachers’ Linguistic Resiliency
5.2 Teachers’ Professional Resiliency
6 Conclusions
References
Official Language Policy as a Factor in Using Receptive Multilingualism Among Members of an Est
1 Introduction
2 Friendship Alliances Between Estonian and Finnish Student Organizations
3 Receptive Multilingualism: Language Policies and Other Determinants
4 Data and Methods
5 Factors Affecting the Language Choices: Interplay Between the Ideological and Practical
5.1 Discrepancy Between the Official Policy and How It Was Interpreted
5.2 Discrepancy Between the Perceived Policy and Reported and Actual Practices
5.3 Competing Ideologies of the “Ideal” and “Practical”
5.4 Receptive Multilingualism as a Group Phenomenon
6 Conclusions and Discussion
References
Language as an Object of National Passion: Reflections from Estonia
1 Introduction
2 Conceptualizing the Affective Grounds for Language Policy
3 Linguistic Culture and Nation-Building in Estonia
4 The Song Celebration as Affective Practice
5 Discussion and Conclusions

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