Methods to Study Litter Decomposition A Practical Guide 2nd edition by Felix Bärlocher, Mark O. Gessner, Manuel A.S. Graça 3030305147 9783030305147

Methods to Study Litter Decomposition A Practical Guide 2nd edition by Felix Bärlocher, Mark O. Gessner, Manuel A.S. Graça – Ebook PDF Instant Download/DeliveryISBN:  3030305147, 9783030305147 

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ISBN-10 :  3030305147 

ISBN-13 :  9783030305147

Author:  Felix Bärlocher, Mark O. Gessner, Manuel A.S. Graça 

Decomposition of organic matter is a major ecosystem process involving an array of different organisms, including bacteria, fungi and invertebrates. The main objective of this book is to provide students and laboratory instructors at universities and professional ecologists with a broad range of established methods to study plant litter decomposition. Detailed protocols for direct use in the field or laboratory are presented in an easy to follow step-by-step format. A short introduction to each protocol reviews the ecological significance and principles of the technique and points to key references. Although most methods are described for freshwater ecosystems, many will work equally well in the presented or slightly modified form for studies in marine and terrestrial environments.

Methods to Study Litter Decomposition A Practical Guide 2nd Table of contents:

Part I. Litter Dynamics
1. Litter Input
2. Leaf Retention
3. Manipulating Litter Retention in Streams
4. Coarse Benthic Organic Matter
5. Leaching
6. Leaf Mass Loss Estimated by the Litter Bag Technique
7. Determining Litter Mass Loss by the Plant Tagging Approach
8. Wood Decomposition
9. Decomposition of Fine Particulate Organic Matter
10. Coarse Particulate Organic Matter Budgets
Part II. Chemical and Physical Leaf Properties
11. Total Phosphorus, Nitrogen and Carbon in Leaf Litter
12. Total Protein
13. Free Amino Acids
14. Determination of Total Carbohydrates
15. Determination of Soluble Carbohydrates
16. Total Lipids
17. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Decomposing Leaf Litter
18. Total Phenolics
19. Radial Diffusion Assay for Tannins
20. Acid Butanol Assay to Determine Bulk Concentrations of Condensed Tannins
21. Lignin and Cellulose
22. Physical Litter Properties: Leaf Toughness and Tensile Strength
Part III. Microbial Decomposers
23. Techniques for Handling Ingoldian Fungi
24. Maintenance of Aquatic Hyphomycete Cultures
25. An Illustrated Key to the Common Temperate Species of Aquatic Hyphomycetes
26. Sporulation by Aquatic Hyphomycetes
27. Ergosterol as a Measure of Fungal Biomass
28. Fungal Growth Rates and Production
29. Bacterial Abundance and Biomass Determination in Plant Litter by Epifluorescence Microscopy
30. Growth and Production of Litter-Associated Bacteria
31. Isolation of Cellulose-Degrading Bacteria
32. ATP as a Measure of Microbial Biomass
33. Respiration of Litter-Associated Microbes and Invertebrates
Part IV. Molecular Microbial Community Analyses
34. Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) to Estimate Fungal Diversity
35. Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) to Estimate Fungal Diversity
36. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) to Estimate Molecular Fungal Abundance
37. Metabarcoding of Litter-Associated Fungi and Bacteria
38. Identifying Active Members of Litter Fungal Communities by Precursor rRNA
39. Gene Expression Analysis of Litter-Associated Fungi Using RNA-Seq
40. Metaproteomics of Litter-Associated Fungi
Part V. Enzymatic Capabilities
41. Extracellular Fungal Hydrolytic Enzyme Activity
42. Cellulases
43. Viscosimetric Determination of Endocellulase Activity
44. Fluorometric Determination of the Activity of β-Glucosidase and Other Extracellular Hydrolytic Enzymes
45. Pectin-Degrading Enzymes: Polygalacturonase and Pectin Lyase
46. Lignin-Degrading Enzymes: Phenoloxidase and Peroxidase
47. Phenol Oxidation
48. Proteinase Activity: Azocoll and Thin-Layer Enzyme Assay
Part VI. Litter Consumers
49. Processing of Aquatic Invertebrates Colonizing Decomposing Litter
50. Identifying Stream Invertebrates as Plant Litter Consumers
51. Shredder Feeding and Growth Rates
52. Feeding Preferences
53. Energy Budget of Shredders
54. The Role of Shredders in Litter Dynamics at Stream-Scale
Part VII. Litter Manipulations
55. Manipulation of Leaf Litter Stoichiometry
56. Isotopic Labelling of Leaf Litter Nitrogen
57. Decomposition and Consumption Tablets (DECOTABs)
58. Inoculation of Leaf Litter with Aquatic Hyphomycetes
Part VIII. Data Analyses
59. A Primer for Statistical Analysis
60. Determining Temperature-Normalized Decomposition Rates
61. Biodiversity Analyses
62. A Bioinformatics Primer for the Analysis of Illumina MiSeq Data of Litter-Associated Fungi and Bacteria
63. A Primer for Meta-Analysis

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Tags: Methods, Litter Decomposition, Practical Guide, Felix Bärlocher, Mark Gessner, Manuel Graça