Paul J Crutzen A Pioneer on Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Change in the Anthropocene 1st Edition by Paul Crutzen, Hans Günter Brauch 3319274607 9783319274607

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ISBN-10 :  3319274607 

ISBN-13 :  9783319274607

Author:  Paul J. Crutzen, Hans Günter Brauch 

This open access book contains texts by the Nobel laureate Paul J. Crutzen who is best known for his research on ozone depletion. It comprises Crutzen’s autobiography, several pictures documenting important stages of his life, and his most important scientific publications. The Dutch atmospheric chemist is one of the world’s most cited scientists in geosciences. His political engagement makes him a tireless ambassador for environmental issues such as climate change. He popularized the term ‘Anthropocene’ for the current geological era acknowledging the enduring influence of humankind on planet Earth. This concept conceives humans to be a geologic factor, influencing the evolution of our globe and the living beings populating it. The selection of texts is representing Paul Crutzen´s scientific oeuvre as his research interests span from ozone depletion to the climatic impacts of biomass burning, the consequences of a worldwide atomic war – the Nuclear Winter – to geoengineering and the Anthropocene. This book is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Paul J Crutzen A Pioneer on Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Change in the Anthropocene 1st Table of contents:

Part I On Paul J. Crutzen
1 The Background of an Ozone Researcher: A Brief Autobiography
1.1 How I Became a Scientist: A Personal History
1.2 Stratospheric Ozone Chemistry
1.3 Man’s Impact on Stratospheric Ozone
1.4 The Supersonic Transport Controversy in the USA
1.5 Tropospheric Ozone
1.6 Pollution of the Stratosphere by ClOx
1.7 And Things Could Have Been Much Worse
1.8 Biomass Burning in the Tropics
1.9 “Nuclear Winter”
1.10 Current Research Interests
1.10.1 A Look Ahead from 1995, the Year I Was Awarded the Nobel Prize
1.10.2 Observations of Tropospheric Ozone
1.10.3 Long-Term Observations of Properties of the Atmosphere
1.10.4 Intensive Measurement Campaigns
1.10.5 Cloud Transport
1.10.6 Chemical Interactions with Hydrometeors
1.10.7 Photolysis Rates in Cloudy Atmospheres
1.10.8 Biogenic Sources of Hydrocarbons, CO, and NO
1.10.9 Potential Role of Halogens in Tropospheric Ozone Destruction
1.10.10 Heterogeneous Reactions on Aerosol Particles
1.10.11 Ozone/Climate/Greenhouse Gas Feedbacks in the Stratosphere
1.10.12 Long Range Indirect Transport of NOx Embedded in PAN
1.10.13 Field Campaign in Suriname
1.10.14 The Indian Ocean Expedition (INDOEX) and the Asian Brown Clouds ABC Project
1.10.15 Halogen Chemistry in the Troposphere
1.10.16 Geo-engineering
1.10.17 Biofuels—Climate Effects of N2O Emissions
References
2 Complete Bibliography of the Writings of Paul J. Crutzen 
2.1 Books
2.2 Special Publications
2.3 Journal Articles (Refereed)
2.4 Other Publications (Unrefereed)
Part II Scientific Texts by Paul J. Crutzen
3 The Influence of Nitrogen Oxides on Atmospheric Ozone Content
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Reaction Scheme
3.3 The Photochemical Equations
3.4 Results
3.5 Nitric Acid
3.6 Conclusions
References
4 Biomass Burning as a Source of Atmospheric Gases CO, H2, N2O, NO, CH3Cl and COS
4.1 Importance of Trace Gases in the Atmosphere
4.2 Global Source Estimates
References
5 The Atmosphere After a Nuclear War: Twilight at Noon
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Nuclear War Scenarios
5.3 Fires
5.3.1 Gaseous and Particulate Emissions from Forest Fires
5.3.2 Particulate Matter from Forest Fires and Screening of Sunlight
5.3.3 Gas, Oil and Urban Fires
5.4 Tropospheric Photochemistry
5.5 Effects of Tropospheric Composition Changes
5.6 Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
5.6.1 Past Nuclear Weapons Tests
5.6.2 Solar Proton Events
5.7 Effects of Increased UV-B Radiation
5.8 Long-Term Effects
5.9 Conclusions
Appendix 1: Production and Spatial Distribution of Nitric Oxide from Nuclear Explosions
Appendix 2: Model Description
References
6 Nitric-Acid Cloud Formation in the Cold Antarctic Stratosphere—A Major Cause for the Springtime
Abstract
References
7 Biomass Burning in the Tropics: Impact on Atmospheric Chemistry and Biogeochemical Cycles
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Estimates of Worldwide Biomass Burning
7.2.1 Clearing of Forests for Agricultural Use
7.2.2 Fuel Wood, Charcoal, and Agricultural Waste
7.2.3 Prescribed Burning and Forest Wildfires
7.3 Emissions to the Atmosphere
7.3.1 Carbon Dioxide
7.3.2 CO, CH4 and Other Hydrocarbons, H2, CH3Cl
7.3.3 Nitrogen Gases
7.3.4 Sulfur Gases
7.3.5 Particles (Smoke)
7.4 Atmospheric Chemical Effects
7.4.1 Long-Range Transport of Smoke Plumes
7.4.2 Photochemical Smog Chemistry
7.4.3 Perturbation of Oxidant Cycles in the Troposphere
7.5 Climatic and Ecological Effects
7.5.1 Climate Change
7.5.2 Acid Deposition
7.5.3 Alterations of Nutrient Cycles and Effects on Soil Degradation
7.6 Conclusions
References
8 A Mechanism for Halogen Release from Sea-Salt Aerosol in the Remote Marine Boundary Layer
References
9 The Indian Ocean Experiment: Widespread Air Pollution from South and Southeast Asia
9.1 Introduction
References
10 Geology of Mankind
References
11 Albedo Enhancement by Stratospheric Sulfur Injections: A Contribution to Resolve a Policy Dilemma
References
12 N2O Release from Agro-biofuel Production Negates Global Warming Reduction by Replacing Fossil Fue
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 A Global Factor to Describe N2O Yield from N Fertilization
12.3 N2O Release Versus CO2 Saved in Biofuels
12.4 Results and Discussion
12.4.1 Nitrogen Content in Biofuels
12.4.2 Potential Impact on Life Cycle Analysis
12.5 Conclusions

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