First, second, and other selves : essays on friendship and personal identity 1st Edition Whiting 0190631716 9780190631710

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Product details:

• ISBN 10: 0190631716
• ISBN 13: 9780190631710
• Author: Whiting

In her essay collection First, Second, and Other Selves: Essays on Friendship and Personal Identity, well-known scholar of ancient philosophy Jennifer Whiting gathers her previously published essays taking Aristotle’s theories on friendship as a springboard to engage with contemporary philosophical work on personal identity and moral psychology. Whiting examines three themes throughout the collection, the first being psychic contingency, or the belief that the psychological structures characteristic of human beings may in fact vary, not just from one cultural (or socio-historical) context to another, but also from one individual to another. The second theme is the belief that friendship informs an understanding of the nature of the self, an idea that springs from Whiting’s uncommon reading of Aristotle’s writings on friendship. Specifically, Whiting explains a scenario in which a “virtuous agent” adopts a kind of impersonal attitude both towards herself and towards her “character” friends, loving both because they are virtuous; this scenario ties in with an examination of the Aristotelian concept of the ideal friend as an “other self,” or a friendship that evolves from character rather than ego, as well as Whiting’s meditation on whether or not a virtuous individual should have a “special” sort of concern for her own future self, distinct in kind from the concern that she has for others. The third theme is that of rational egoism, a concept that Whiting critiques, especially in the context of Aristotle’s eudaimonism. The central tenet of the collection is the message that taking “ethocentric” (or character-based) attitudes both towards ourselves and towards our friends sheds light on the nature of personal identity and helps to combat ethnocentric and other objectionable forms of bias, a message that is becoming increasingly urgent in light of the recent deaths of Trayvon Martin and Michael Brown.

Table of contents:

1. Why I am not a rational egoist

2. The two models of friendship

3. The sameness in kind of concern for self and others: two strategies

4. Misleading parts and the colonizing ego

5. My proposal: a (character-based) generic strategy

6. The standard objection to Aristotle: its deep insight

7. The virtuous person’s attitude to self as normative paradigm

8. Why Aristotle’s view is not so objectionable from the subject’s point of view

9. Self-love and the desire for worth

10. Disinterested affection for oneself?

11. The pragmatic transition from eunoia to character-friendship

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