Handbook of Environmental Analysis Chemical Pollutants in Air Water Soil and Solid Wastes 3rd Edition by Pradyot Patnaik 1351647984 9781351647984

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ISBN-10 :  1351647984 

ISBN-13 : 9781351647984

Author:  Pradyot Patnaik 

The Handbook will cover all aspects of environmental analysis and will examine the emergence of many new classes of pollutants in recent years. It will provide information on an array of topics from instrumentation, analytical techniques, and sample preparations to statistical calculations, chemical structures, and equations. It will present the tools and techniques required to measure a wide range of toxic pollutants in our environment. It will be fully revised throughout, and will add four new chapters (Microbial Analysis, Chlorophyll, Chlorine, Chloramines and Chlorine Dioxide, and Derivatization Reactions in Environmental Analysis).

Handbook of Environmental Analysis: Chemical Pollutants in Air, Water, Soil, and Solid Wastes 3rd Table of contents:

Section I: Analytical Techniques
Chapter 1: Environmental Analysis: An Overview
Chapter 2: Precision and Accuracy of Analysis
Statistics in Environmental Analysis
Quality Assurance and Quality Control in Environmental Analysis
Precision and Accuracy
Control Charts
Chapter 3: Analysis of Organic Pollutants by Gas Chromatography
Selection of Column
Detectors
Calibration
Calculations
External Standard Calibration
Alternative Calculation
Internal Standard Method
Routine Analysis
Chapter 4: Analysis of Organic Pollutants by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
Terms and Definitions
Application of Mass Spectrometry
Interpretation of Mass Spectra
Number of Carbon Atoms
Nitrogen Rule
Index of Hydrogen Deficiency
Determination of Molecular Formula
Chemical Ionization
Limitation of GC/MS Analysis
U.S. EPA Methods
Volatile Organics by Purge and Trap Method
Semivolatile Organics
Tuning
Compound Identification
Calibration
References
Chapter 5: Extraction of Organic Pollutants and Sample Cleanup
Sample Extraction
Liquid–Liquid Extraction
Solid Phase Extraction
Soxhlet Extraction
Supercritical Fluid Extraction
Cleanup
Acid–Base Partitioning
Alumina Column Cleanup
Silica Gel Cleanup
Florisil Column Cleanup
Gel-Permeation Cleanup
Sulfur Cleanup
Permanganate–Sulfuric Acid Cleanup
Chapter 6: Titrimetric Analysis
Acid–Base Titration
Calculation
Oxidation–Reduction Titrations
Standardization of Oxidants
Reducing Agent
Oxidation–Reduction Indicators
Iodometric Titration
Role of Potassium Iodide
Reducing Agent
Standardization of Na2S2O3
Starch Indicator
Argentometric Titration
Complexometric Titrations
Potentiometric Titration
End Point Detection
Chapter 7: Colorimetric Analysis
Chapter 8: Analysis of Metals by Atomic Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy
Sample Digestion for Metals
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Chelation–Extraction Method
Hydride Generation Method
Cold Vapor Method for Mercury Determination
Accuracy in Quantitation
Standard Addition
Atomic Emission Plasma Spectroscopy
ICP Mass Spectrometry
Chapter 9: Ion-Selective Electrodes Analysis
Environmental Sample Analysis
Standard Calibration Method
Standard Addition Method
Sample Addition Method
Chapter 10: Application of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography in Environmental Analysis
Chapter 11: Ion Chromatography
References
Chapter 12: Air Analysis
Sampling Plan
Air Sampling
Direct Collection of Air
Use of Adsorbent Tubes
Air Sampling for Particulates and Inorganic Substances
Flow Rate
Chemical Analysis
Calculation
Chapter 13: Application of Immunoassay Techniques in Environmental Analysis
Extraction
Calculation
Chapter 14: Derivatization Reactions in Trace Chemical Analysis
Derivatization Reactions: General Discussion
Alkylation
Acylation
Sylilation
Diazotization
Selection of Derivatizing Reagent
Chapter 15: Microbial Analysis
Coliform Groups of Bacteria
Sample Collection, Preservation, and Storage
MF Method for Testing TCs and E. coli
Outline of the Method
Interference
Reagents, Standards, and Equipment
Quality Control
Procedure
Calculations/Data Analysis
Multiple Tube Fermentation/MPN Index Test
Outline of the Test
Procedure
Radiometric Detection of Fecal Coliforms
Bioluminescence Test
Seven-Hour Fecal Coliform Test
Section II: Specific Classes of Substances and Aggregate Properties
Chapter 16: Aldehydes and Ketones
Derivatization with 2,4-DNPH
Chromatographic Columns and Conditions
Sample Collection and Holding Time
Air Analysis
Chapter 17: Alkalinity
Calculation
Chapter 18: Bromide
Phenol Red Colorimetric Method
Procedure
Reagents
Titrimetric Method
Determination of Bromide Plus Iodide
Procedure
Determination of Iodide
Calculation
Chapter 19: Chloride
Mercuric Nitrate Titrimetric Method
Procedure
Reagents
Argentometric Titrimetric Method
Procedure
Reagents
Automated Ferricyanide Colorimetric Method
Procedure
Reagents
Gravimetric Determination of Chloride
Procedure
Calculation
Chapter 20: Chlorine and Chloramines
General Discussion
Colorimetric Methods for Chlorine Analysis
DPD Colorimetric Test
Syringaldazine Colorimetric Test
Orthotolidine Colorimetric Test
Titrimetric Procedures for Chlorine Analysis
DPD Titration Method
Iodometric Back Titration Method
Chloramines
Chapter 21: Cyanate
Calculation
Procedure
Chapter 22: Cyanide, Total
Silver Nitrate Titrimetric Method
Procedure
Reagents
Colorimetric Method
Procedure
Preparation of Cyanide Standards and Calibration Curve
Reagents
Determination of Cyanide in Soil, Sediment, and Solid Waste
Cyanides in Aerosol and Gas
Chapter 23: Cyanide Amenable to Chlorination
Procedure
Alternative Procedure
Reagents
Chapter 24: Emerging Pollutants: Classification, Extractions, and Analytical Techniques—An Overview
General Definition and Classifications
Sample Extractions
Analysis
Chapter 25: Emerging Pollutants: Nonionic Surfactants—Alkylphenols and Their Ethoxylates
Structures
Sample Extractions and Analysis: General Discussion
SPE–LC/MS Method (LC Tandem MS [LC-MS/MS])
SPE–GC/MS Method
References
Chapter 26: Emerging Pollutants: Organophosphate Flame Retardants, Plasticizers, and Lubricants
Analysis of Indoor Dust
References
Chapter 27: Emerging Pollutants: Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products
U.S. EPA Method 1694
Summary of the Method
Sample Preparation
Sample Cleanup
LC–MS/MS Analysis
Qualitative Determination and Quantification
Quality Assurance/Quality Control
Sample Collection, Preservation, and Holding Time
References
Chapter 28: Emerging Pollutants: Steroids and Hormones
Outline of the Procedure
Sample Collection, Preservation, and Storage
GC Conditions
MS Conditions
Calibration and Quantitation
Quality Control
References
Chapter 29: Emerging Pollutants: Nanomaterials
Classifications and Uses
Separation, Characterization, and Detection of Nanoparticles in Food and Agricultural Samples
Environmental Samples
Chapter 30: Fluorides
Colorimetric SPADNS Method
Procedure
Automated Colorimetric Method
Chapter 31: Haloacetic Acids
Alternative Methods
References
Chapter 32: Halogenated Hydrocarbons
Solvent Extraction
Sample Collection and Preservation
Internal Standards/Surrogates and Tuning Compounds
Air Analysis
Chapter 33: Hardness
Hardness Determinations
Calculation
Titration
Chapter 34: Herbicides: Chlorophenoxy Acid
Analysis
Sample Extraction
Hydrolysis
Esterification
Gas Chromatographic Analysis
Air Analysis
Chapter 35: Herbicides: Glyphosate
Water Analysis
HPLC Method
Sampling and Storage
Detection Limit
Miscellaneous Methods for Analysis of GLYPH Residues in Water, Soil, Sludge, Fruit, and Vegetable Extracts
References
Chapter 36: Hydrocarbons
Analysis
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Gasoline Range Organics
Diesel Range Organics
Chapter 37: Hydrocarbons, Polynuclear Aromatic
HPLC Columns and Conditions
GC Columns and Conditions
MS Conditions
Sample Extraction and Cleanup
Air Analysis
Reference
Chapter 38: Nitrogen (Ammonia)
Sample Distillation
Reagents
Titrimetric Method
Reagents
Colorimetric Nesslerization Method
Procedure
Calculation
Reagents and Standards
Colorimetric Phenate Method
Procedure
Calculation
Reagents and Standards
Ion-Selective Electrode
Procedure
Reagents and Standards
AIR ANALYSIS
References
Chapter 39: Nitrogen (Nitrate)
Cadmium Reduction Method
Procedure
Apparatus, Reagents, and Standards
Miscellaneous Reduction Method
Nitrate Electrode Method
Procedure
Reagents

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