The American Synthetic Organic Chemicals Industry War and Politics 1910 1930 1st Edition by Kathryn Steen ISBN 1469612909 978-1469612904

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Product details:

ISBN 10: 1469612909 

ISBN 13: 978-1469612904

Author: Kathryn Steen 

Prior to 1914, Germany dominated the worldwide production of synthetic organic dyes and pharmaceuticals like aspirin. When World War I disrupted the supply of German chemicals to the United States, American entrepreneurs responded to the shortages and high prices by trying to manufacture chemicals domestically. Learning the complex science and industry, however, posed a serious challenge. This book explains how the United States built a synthetic organic chemicals industry in World War I and the 1920s. Kathryn Steen argues that Americans’ intense anti–German sentiment in World War I helped to forge a concentrated effort among firms, the federal government, and universities to make the United States independent of “foreign chemicals.”

Besides mobilization efforts to make high explosives and war gases, federal policies included protective tariffs, gathering and publishing market information, and, most dramatically, confiscation of German–owned chemical subsidiaries and patents. Meanwhile, firms and universities worked hard to develop scientific and manufacturing expertise. Against a backdrop of hostilities and intrigue, Steen shows how chemicals were deeply entwined with national and international politics and policy during the war and subsequent isolationism of the turbulent early twentieth century.

Table of contents:

1. Introduction

2. Before the War

3. Dyes and Pharmaceuticals 1914–1918

4. Synthetic Organic Chemicals in War 1914–1918

5. American Chemists Respond 1914–1918

6. Xenophobia, Tariffs, and Confiscation 1914–1918

7. Economic War 1919–1922

8. The Industry and the Law 1922–1930

9. An American Industry 1919–1930

10. Conclusion

11. Notes

12. Bibliography

13. Index

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Tags: Kathryn Steen, The American Synthetic, Organic Chemicals Industry, War and Politics 1910 1930