American Government and Politics Today Essentials 2017-2018 19th Edition by Barbara Bardes 8214337289 9798214337289

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ISBN-10 :  8214337289 

ISBN-13 : 9798214337289

Author:  Barbara Bardes 

AMERICAN GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS TODAY: THE ESSENTIALS, 2017-2018 Edition, inspires you to join the exciting process of being active, informed citizens. Unbiased, concisely organized, and updated with Election 2016 coverage, the authors provide encouragement and suggestions for ways to become involved in the political process.

American Government and Politics Today: Essentials 2017-2018 19th table of contents:

1. The Democratic Republic
Politics and Government
Government Is Everywhere
Why Is Government Necessary?
Limiting Government Power
Authority and Legitimacy
Democracy and Other Forms of Government
Types of Government
Direct Democracy as a Model
The Dangers of Direct Democracy
A Democratic Republic
What Kind of Democracy Do We Have?
Fundamental Values
Liberty versus Order
Equality versus Liberty
The Proper Size of Government
Political Ideologies
Conservatism
Liberalism
The Traditional Political Spectrum
Problems with the Traditional Political Spectrum
A Four-Cornered Ideological Grid
One Nation, Divided
The Changing Face of America
The End of the Population Explosion
Ethnic Change in America
Are We Better Off?
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources
Quiz
2. The Constitution
The Colonial Background
Separatists, the Mayflower, and the Compact
More Colonies, More Government
British Restrictions and Colonial Reactions
The First Continental Congress
The Second Continental Congress
An Independent Confederation
The Resolution for Independence
July 4, 1776—The Declaration of Independence
The Rise of Republicanism
The Articles of Confederation: Our First Form of Government
The Constitutional Convention
Who Were the Delegates?
The Working Environment
Factions among the Delegates
Politicking and Compromises
Working toward Final Agreement
The Final Document
The Difficult Road to Ratification
The Federalists Push for Ratification
The March to the Finish
Did the Majority of Americans Support the Constitution?
The Bill of Rights
Altering the Constitution
The Formal Amendment Process
Informal Methods of Constitutional Change
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources
Quiz
3. Federalism
Federalism and Its Alternatives
A Unitary System
A Confederal System
A Federal System
Why Federalism?
Other Arguments for Federalism
Arguments against Federalism
The Constitutional Basis for American Federalism
Powers of the National Government
Powers of the State Governments
Prohibited Powers
Concurrent Powers
The Supremacy Clause
Interstate Relations
Defining Constitutional Powers—the Early Years
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
States’ Rights and the Resort to Civil War
The Continuing Dispute over the Division of Power
Dual Federalism
The New Deal and Cooperative Federalism
Methods of Implementing Cooperative Federalism
Fiscal Federalism and State Budgets
The Politics of Federalism
What Has National Authority Accomplished?
The “New Federalism”
The Politics of Federalism Today
Federalism and the Supreme Court
Recent Supreme Court Rulings
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources
Quiz
4. Civil Liberties
The Constitutional Bases of Our Liberties
Protections Listed in the Original Constitution
Extending the Bill of Rights to State Governments
Incorporation under the Fourteenth Amendment
Freedom of Religion
The Separation of Church and State—The Establishment Clause
The Free Exercise Clause
Freedom of Expression
No Prior Restraint
The Protection of Symbolic Speech
The Protection of Commercial Speech
Attempts to Ban Subversive or Advocacy Speech
The Eclipse of Obscenity as a Legal Category
Unprotected Speech: Slander
Student Speech
The Right to Assemble and to Petition the Government
Freedom of the Press
The Right to Privacy
Privacy Rights and Abortion
Privacy Rights and the “Right to Die”
Civil Liberties versus Security Issues
The USA Patriot Act
Roving Wiretaps
National Security Agency Surveillance
Recent Revelations of NSA Activity
National Security and the Civil Liberties of Immigrants
The Great Balancing Act: The Rights of the Accused versus the Rights of Society
Rights of the Accused
Extending the Rights of the Accused
The Exclusionary Rule
The Death Penalty
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources
Quiz
5. Civil Rights
The African American Experience and the Civil Rights Movement
Ending Servitude
The Ineffectiveness of the Early Civil Rights Laws
The End of the Separate-but-Equal Doctrine
De Jure and De Facto Segregation
The Civil Rights Movement
Modern Civil Rights Legislation
Consequences of Civil Rights Legislation
Civil Rights and the Courts
Standards for Judicial Review
The Courts Address Affirmative Action
Experiences of Other Minority Groups
Latinos and the Immigration Issue
The Agony of the American Indian
Asian Americans
Lingering Social and Economic Disparities
Women’s Struggle for Equal Rights
Early Women’s Political Movements
The Modern Women’s Movement
Women in Politics Today
Gender-Based Discrimination in the Workplace
The Rights and Status of Gay Males and Lesbians
Growth in the Gay Male and Lesbian Rights Movement
State and Local Laws Targeting Gay Men and Lesbians
Gay Men and Lesbians in the Military
Same-Sex Marriage
The Rights of Transgender Individuals
The Rights and Status of Juveniles
Voting Rights and the Young
The Rights of Children in Civil and Criminal Proceedings
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources
Quiz
6. Public Opinion and Political Socialization
Public Opinion and Political Socialization
Consensus and Divided Opinion
Forming Public Opinion: Political Socialization
The Media and Public Opinion
Political Events and Public Opinion
Political Preferences and Voting Behavior
Party Identification and Demographic Influences
Election-Specific Factors
Measuring Public Opinion
The History of Opinion Polls
Sampling Techniques
The Difficulty of Obtaining Accurate Results
Additional Problems with Polls
Technology and Opinion Polls
Public Opinion and the Political Process
Political Culture and Public Opinion
Public Opinion about Government
Public Opinion and Policymaking
A Policy Example: Contraception Insurance
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources
Quiz
7. Interest Groups
Interest Group Fundamentals
Interest Groups and Social Movements
Why Do Americans Join Interest Groups?
Types of Interest Groups
Economic Interest Groups
Environmental Groups
Public-Interest Groups
Other Interest Groups
The Influence of Interest Groups
What Makes an Interest Group Powerful?
Interest Groups and Representative Democracy
Interest Groups and the Political Parties
Interest Group Strategies
Direct Techniques
Indirect Techniques
Regulating Lobbyists
The Results of the 1946 Act
The Reforms of 1995
The Reforms of 2007
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources
Quiz
8. Political Parties
Political Parties in the United States
Functions of Political Parties in the United States
The Three Faces of a Party
The Party-in-the-Electorate
The Party Organization
The Party-in-Government
A History of Political Parties in the United States
The Formative Years: Federalists and Anti-Federalists
Democrats and Whigs
The Civil War Crisis
The Post–Civil War Period
The Progressive Interlude
The New Deal Era
An Era of Divided Government
The Two Major U.S. Parties Today
A Series of Wave Elections
The Parties’ Core Constituents
Divisions within the Parties
Cultural Politics and Party Loyalty
Why Has the Two-Party System Endured?
The Historical Foundations of the Two-Party System
Political Socialization and Practical Considerations
The Winner-Take-All Electoral System
State and Federal Laws Favoring the Two Parties
The Role of Minor Parties in U.S. Politics
Mechanisms of Political Change
Realignment
Dealignment
Tipping
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources
Quiz
9. Campaigns and Elections
The Twenty-First-Century Campaign
Who Is Eligible?
Who Runs?
Managing the Campaign
Financing the Campaign
The Evolution of the Campaign Finance System
The Current Campaign Finance Environment
Running for President: The Longest Campaign
Reforming the Presidential Primaries
The Invisible Primary
Primaries and Caucuses
Front-Loading the Primaries
On to the National Convention
The Electoral College
How Are Elections Conducted?
Office-Block and Party-Column Ballots
Voting by Mail
Voting Fraud and Voter ID Laws
Turning Out to Vote
Factors Influencing Who Votes
Legal Restrictions on Voting
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources
Quiz
10. The Media
The Roles of the Media
Entertaining the Public
Reporting the News
Identifying Public Problems
Socializing New Generations
Providing a Political Forum
Making Profits
Television versus the New Media
The Media and Political Campaigns
Television Coverage
The Internet, Blogging, and Podcasting
Government Regulation of the Media
Concentrated Ownership of the Media
Government Control of Content
The Issue of Net Neutrality
Opinion and Bias in the Media
Talk Radio
Bias in the Media
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources
Quiz
11. The Congress
The Nature and Functions of Congress
Bicameralism
The Lawmaking Function
The Representation Function
The Oversight Function
The Public-Education Function
The Conflict-Resolution Function
The Powers of Congress
House–Senate Differences and Congressional Perks
Size and Rules
Debate and Filibustering
Congresspersons and the Citizenry: A Comparison
Perks and Privileges
Congressional Elections and Apportionment
Candidates for Congressional Elections
Apportionment of the House
How Congress Is Organized
The Power of Committees
Types of Congressional Committees
The Selection of Committee Members
Leadership in the House
Leadership in the Senate
Lawmaking and Budgeting
How Much Will the Government Spend?
Congress Faces the Budget
Budget Resolutions and Crises
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources
Quiz
12. The President
Who Can Become President?
A “Natural Born Citizen”
Presidential Characteristics
The Process of Becoming President
The Many Roles of the President
Head of State
Chief Executive
Commander in Chief
Chief Diplomat
Chief Legislator
The President as Party Chief and Superpolitician
Presidential Powers
Emergency Powers
Executive Orders
Executive Privilege
Signing Statements
Abuses of Executive Power and Impeachment
The Executive Organization
The Cabinet
The Executive Office of the President
The Vice Presidency
The Vice President’s Job
Presidential Succession
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources
Quiz
13. The Bureaucracy
The Nature and Scope of the Federal Bureaucracy
Public and Private Bureaucracies
Models of Bureaucracy
The Size of the Bureaucracy
The Federal Budget
The Organization of the Federal Bureaucracy
Cabinet Departments
Independent Executive Agencies
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Government and Government-Controlled Corporations
Staffing the Bureaucracy
Political Appointees
History of the Federal Civil Service
Modern Attempts at Bureaucratic Reform
Sunshine Laws before and after 9/11
Privatization, or Contracting Out
Saving Costs through E-Government
Helping Out the Whistleblowers
Bureaucrats as Politicians and Policymakers
The Rulemaking Environment
Negotiated Rulemaking
Bureaucrats as Policymakers
Congressional Control of the Bureaucracy
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources
Quiz
14. The Courts
Sources of American Law
The Common Law Tradition
Constitutions
Statutes and Administrative Regulations
Case Law
The Federal Court System
Basic Judicial Requirements
Parties to Lawsuits
Procedural Rules
Types of Federal Courts
Federal Courts and the War on Terrorism
The Supreme Court at Work
Which Cases Reach the Supreme Court?
Court Procedures
Decisions and Opinions
The Selection of Federal Judges
Judicial Appointments
Policymaking and the Courts
Judicial Review
Judicial Activism and Judicial Restraint
Strict versus Broad Construction
The Roberts Court
What Checks Our Courts?
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources
Quiz
15. Domestic and Economic Policy
The Policymaking Process: Health Care as an Example
Health Care: Agenda Building
Health Care: Policy Formulation
Health Care: Policy Adoption
Health Care: Policy Implementation
Health Care: Policy Evaluation
Immigration
The Issue of Unauthorized Immigration
The Immigration Debate
Crime in the Twenty-First Century
Crime in American History
The Prison Population Bomb
Energy and the Environment
Energy Independence—A Strategic Issue
Climate Change
The Politics of Economic Decision Making
Good Times, Bad Times
Fiscal Policy
Deficit Spending and the Public Debt
Monetary Policy
The Politics of Taxes
Federal Income Tax Rates
Loopholes and Lowered Taxes
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources
Quiz
16. Foreign Policy
Facing the World: Foreign and Defense Policies
National Security and Defense Policies
Diplomacy
Idealism versus Realism in Foreign Policy
Terrorism and Warfare
The Emergence of Terrorism
Wars in Iraq
Afghanistan
The Civil War in Syria and the Rise of ISIS
U.S. Diplomatic Efforts
Nuclear Weapons
The New Power: China
Israel and the Palestinians
Europe’s Economic Troubles
Who Makes Foreign Policy?
Constitutional Powers of the President
Other Sources of Foreign Policymaking
Congress Balances the Presidency
The Major Foreign Policy Themes
The Formative Years: Avoiding Entanglements
The Era of Internationalism
Superpower Relations
How You Can Make a Difference.
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Additional Resources

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