Aquinas’s theory of perception: an analytic reconstruction 1st Edition by Anthony J. Lisska – Ebook PDF Instant Download/DeliveryISBN: 0191083679, 9780191083679
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ISBN-10 : 0191083679
ISBN-13 : 9780191083679
Author: Anthony J. Lisska
Anthony J. Lisska presents a new analysis of Thomas Aquinas’s theory of perception. While much work has been undertaken on Aquinas’s texts, little has been devoted principally to his theory of perception and less still on a discussion of inner sense. The thesis of intentionality serves as the philosophical backdrop of this analysis while incorporating insights from Brentano and from recent scholarship. The principal thrust is on the importance of inner sense, a much-overlooked area of Aquinas’s philosophy of mind, with special reference to the vis cogitativa. Approaching the texts of Aquinas from contemporary analytic philosophy, Lisska suggests a modest ‘innate’ or ‘structured’ interpretation for the role of this inner sense faculty. Dorothea Frede suggests that this faculty is an ’embarrassment’ for Aquinas; to the contrary, the analysis offered in this book argues that were it not for the vis cogitativa, Aquinas’s philosophy of mind would be an embarrassment. By means of this faculty of inner sense, Aquinas offers an account of a direct awareness of individuals of natural kinds–referred to by Aquinas as incidental objects of sense–which comprise the principal ontological categories in Aquinas’s metaphysics. By using this awareness of individuals of a natural kind, Aquinas can make better sense out of the process of abstraction using the active intellect (intellectus agens). Were it not for the vis cogitativa, Aquinas would be unable to account for an awareness of the principal ontological category in his metaphysics.
Aquinas’s theory of perception: an analytic reconstruction 1st Table of contents:
1. Setting the Problem: History and Context
Perception Theory and Analytic Philosophy
Aquinas and Teleology: A Naturalist Reconstruction
From Ontology to the Philosophy of Mind
Aquinas as Dependent upon yet Distinct from Aristotle
Neo-scholastic Philosophy and Recent Work in Perception Theory
Recent Work in Aristotelian Perception Theory
The Sentencia Libri De Anima
2. Aquinas on Intentionality
Historical and Contemporary Antecedents
The Principles of Intentionality in Aquinas’s Philosophy of Mind
The Act/Object Distinction
A Brief Interlude
3. Aquinas and Empiricism: From Aquinas to Brentano and Beyond
Aquinas as an Empiricist
Reid, Gibson, and Aquinas: Epistemological Naturalism Revisited
Direct Realism in Aquinas
Aquinas and Causal Theories of Perception
Haldane and Putnam on Formal Cause: Connections with Aquinas
Intentionality and the Curse of Representationalism
The Return to Form
From Ontology to the Philosophy of Mind
Aquinas on Truth
4. Epistemological Dispositions: Causal Powers and the Human Person
The Empedoclean Principle
Aquinas’s Modification of ‘Like Knows Like’
On Potency and Act
Conceptual Dispositions
A Revised Set of Terms
Dispositions and Substantial Form
The Importance of Dispositions
On Innate Cognitive Structures
Against Physicalism
Beyond Physicalism
The Intensity of a Perfection
Perceptual Dispositions
The Need for the Intellectus Agens
5. Objects and Faculties: Teleology in Sensation
The Priority of Object
Teleology and Metaphysics
Objects of Sensation
The Directly Perceivable and the Indirectly Perceivable
Sensation as a Generic Term
Non-veridical Awareness
The Common Sensible and the Incidental Object of Sense
Causality of ‘Kind’ and Causality of ‘Mode’
Organ and Faculty
Organ as Vehicle
The Incidental Object of Sense and the Vis Cogitativa
6. Preconditions of Visual Awareness: Object and Medium
Sight and Its Object
Colour as Essentially Visible
Colour and Sight
The Need for a Medium
A Quandary in the Summa Theologiae
7. The Necessary Conditions for Perception: A Triadic Relation
The Triadic Relation
The Intentional Awareness in Sensation
The Rose-Coloured Glasses Objection
The Causal Aspects of Aquinas’s Theory of Perception
Two Senses of Intentio: From the Active Power to the Cognitive Faculty
The Bounds of Sense
Direct Realism in Aquinas’s Theory of Sensation
8. The Sensus Communis: The First of the Internal Sense Faculties
Cognitive Possibility and the Internal Senses in Thomas
The Four Internal Senses
Aquinas versus Avicenna
The Sensus Communis
The Function of the Sensus Communis
The Sensus Communis as the Root of Sensation
The Object of the Sensus Communis is not the Common Sensible
The Power of Reflection
The Sensus Communis and the Phantasm
The Sensus Communis and the External Sensorium
The Three Ventricles
The Ventricle System and Aquinas’s Cognitive Theory of Inner Sense
9. The Imagination and Phantasia: A Historical Muddle
Weinberg and Stump on Aquinas and Phantasia
Wolfson on the Internal Senses in Medieval Philosophy
John of St Thomas on Distinctions in Aquinas
The Mental Act of the Vis Imaginativa
Imagination and Early Modern Philosophy
Imagination as ‘the Master of Falsity’
10. The Vis Cogitativa: On Perceiving the Individual
The Vis Aestimativa and the Vis Cogitativa
The Awareness of Individuals
The Awareness of the Individual as of a Kind
Primary Substance and the Vis Cogitativa
Moving Beyond Empiricism_ Intentiones Non Sensatae
De Principio Individuationis: A Neglected Aquinas Text
Seven Summary Propositions
Ontological Realism
The Sense Memory
Back to Aristotle’s De Anima
11. The Role of Phantasms in Inner Sense: Part 1
Direct Realism Redux
The Sense Data or ‘Qualia’ Position
The Sensus Communis and the External Sensorium
Aquinas’s Texts on Phantasm
The Image Account: Position A
The Image Account: Position B
Aquinas and the Concept of ‘Imago’
The Three Categories of Similitudo
12. The Role of Phantasms in Inner Sense: Part 2
Phantasms
Phantasm-1
Phantasm-2
Reid Redux
The Phantasm and the Vis Cogitativa
Phantasm-3
The Vis Cogitativa and Primary Substance
Phantasm-3 and the Intellectus Agens
Intellectus Agens as an Efficient Cause
Concluding Observations: Eight Summary Propositions
Concluding Propositions: The Mental Act of the Vis Cogitativa
A Final Observation
Select Bibliography
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