Biological Soil Crusts An Organizing Principle in Drylands 1st Edition by Bettina Weber, Burkhard Büdel, Jayne Belnap ISBN 3319302124 978-3319302126

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ISBN 10: 3319302124 

ISBN 13: 978-3319302126

Author: Bettina Weber, Burkhard Büdel, Jayne Belnap

 This volume summarizes our current understanding of biological soil crusts (biocrusts), which are omnipresent in dryland regions. Since they cover the soil surface, they influence, or even control, all surface exchange processes. Being one of the oldest terrestrial communities, biocrusts comprise a high diversity of cyanobacteria, algae, lichens and bryophytes together with uncounted bacteria, and fungi. The authors show that biocrusts are an integral part of dryland ecosystems, stabilizing soils, influencing plant germination and growth, and playing a key role in carbon, nitrogen and water cycling. Initial attempts have been made to use biocrusts as models in ecological theory. On the other hand, biocrusts are endangered by local disruptions and global change, highlighting the need for enhanced recovery methods. This book offers a comprehensive overview of the fascinating field of biocrust research, making it indispensable not only for scientists in this area, but also for land managers, policy makers, and anyone interested in the environment.

Table of contents: 

1. Biological Soil Crusts as an Organizing Principle in Drylands

2. How Biological Soil Crusts Became Recognized as a Functional Unit: A Selective History

3. Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Precambrian

4. Cyanobacteria and Algae of Biological Soil Crusts

5. Bacteria and Non-lichenized Fungi Within Biological Soil Crusts

6. Bryophytes Within Biological Soil Crusts

7. Structure, Composition, and Function of Biocrust Lichen Communities

8. Microfauna Within Biological Soil Crusts

9. Composition and Macrostructure of Biological Soil Crusts

10. Controls on Distribution Patterns of Biological Soil Crusts at Micro- to Global Scales

11. Hypolithic Communities

12. Remote Sensing of Biological Soil Crusts at Different Scales

13. Microstructure and Weathering Processes Within Biological Soil Crusts

14. Patterns and Controls on Nitrogen Cycling of Biological Soil Crusts

15. Carbon Budgets of Biological Soil Crusts at Micro-, Meso-, and Global Scales

16. Biological Soil Crusts as Soil Stabilizers

17. The Role of Biocrusts in Arid Land Hydrology

18. Physiology of Photosynthetic Organisms Within Biological Soil Crusts: Their Adaptation, Flexibility, and Plasticity

19. Interactions of Biological Soil Crusts with Vascular Plants

20. Biological Soil Crusts as a Model System in Ecology

21. Effects of Local-Scale Disturbance on Biocrusts

22. Biocrusts in the Context of Global Change

23. Natural Recovery of Biological Soil Crusts After Disturbance

24. Enhanced Recovery of Biological Soil Crusts After Disturbance

25. Synthesis on Biological Soil Crust Research

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Tags: Bettina Weber, Burkhard Büdel, Jayne Belnap, Biological Soil Crusts, Organizing Principle, Drylands