Biomechanics of the Female Pelvic Floor 1st Edition by Hoyte Lennox,Damaser Margot 9780128032282 0128032286

Section 1: Principles of Pelvic Floor Anatomy and Biomechanics

Chapter One: What Biomechanics Has to do With the Female Pelvic Floor — A Historical Perspective

Abstract

Evolution of Biomechanics Through the Centuries

Biomechanics in the 20th Century and Beyond and Applications to Medicine

Chapter Two: Pelvic Floor Anatomy and Pathology

Abstract

Acknowledgment

Overview

Levator Ani and Anal Sphincters

Connective Tissue Supports of the Pelvic Organs

Interactions among Different Compartments

Conclusion

Chapter Three: Musculoskeletal Pelvic Anatomy

Abstract

The Bony Pelvis and its Articulations

The Skeletal Pelvis as a Whole

Muscles of the Thoracoabdominal Pelvic Cavity

Muscles of the Anterolateral Abdominal Wall

Muscles of the Pelvis

Fascia: In General and Specific to the Female Pelvis

Neuroanatomy of the Female Pelvis

Abdominal Wall, Pelvic Floor Dysfunction, and the Promise of Computational Modeling

Chapter Four: Introduction to Classical Mechanics

Abstract

Introduction

Structural Versus Mechanical Properties

Structural Properties

Mechanical Properties

Types of Mechanical Tests

Categorization of Material Deformations

Viscoelasticity

Viscoelastic Experiments

Conclusion

Chapter Five: Biomechanical Characterization of Native Pelvic Floor Organs and Tissues

Abstract

Introduction

Pelvic Floor Tissue Constituents and Characteristics

Functions of Pelvic Floor Organs

Common Experimental Conditions and Considerations

Cross-Sectional Area and Strain Measurements

Examples of Mechanical Testing Related to the Pelvic Floor

Biaxial Tensile Testing

Conclusions

Chapter Six: Pelvic Floor Biomechanics From Animal Models

Abstract

Current Animal Models and Their Applications

Small Animal Models

Large Animal Models

Conclusion

Chapter Seven: Mechanics of Pelvic Floor Prosthetic Devices

Abstract

Introduction

Overview of Prosthetic Devices

Mechanical Tests Used to Evaluate Synthetic Meshes

Mechanical Analysis of Mesh-Tissue Complexes

Application of Mechanical Tests to the Characterization of the ex vivo Structural Properties and Mechanical Behaviors of Synthetic Meshes

Biological Implications of Mechanical Behavior, Structural, and Textile Properties of Synthetic Meshes

Mechancis of Pelvic Floor Prosthetic Devices 10 Years From Now

Section 2: Influencers of Pelvic Floor Biomechanics

Chapter Eight: Biochemistry and Ultrastructure of Pelvic Floor Tissues and Organs

Abstract

Introduction

Pelvic Floor Musculature

Pelvic Floor Connective Tissue

Conclusion

Chapter Nine: Impact of Genetics on Pelvic Floor Biomechanics

Abstract

Introduction

Molecular and Biochemical Changes in Pelvic Floor

Genetics of Pelvic Floor Disorders

Influence of Genetics on Pelvic Floor Biomechanics

Chapter Ten: Impact of Pregnancy and Delivery on Pelvic Floor Biomechanics

Abstract

Impact of Pregnancy on Biomechanics of Pelvic Floor

Pregnancy-Induced Alterations in Vaginal Biomechanical Properties

Pregnancy-Induced Alterations in Biomechanical Properties of Pelvic Floor Muscles

Impact of Vaginal Delivery on Biomechanics of Pelvic Floor

Impact of Vaginal Delivery on Pelvic Floor Muscles

Conclusions

Chapter Eleven: Biomechanical Environment of the Pelvic Floor

Abstract

Physiological Function of the Pelvic Floor

Disruption of Pelvic Floor Biomechanics Leads to Incontinence and Prolapse

Pelvic Floor Changes with Rehabilitation

Conclusion

Section 3: Imaging and Segmentation of Pelvic Floor

Chapter Twelve: Dynamic Visualization of the Female Pelvic Floor Function

Abstract

Acknowledgments

Introduction

Ultrasound Imaging

Chapter Thirteen: Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Pelvic Floor

Abstract

Introduction

MRI of the Pelvic Floor

Technique

Interpretation

Stress Incontinence

Bladder and Uterine Prolapse

Rectal Prolapse and Constipation

Conclusion

Chapter Fourteen: Geometric Representation of the Pelvic Organs

Abstract

MR Image Acquisition

Identifying the Pelvic Organs

Segmenting the Pelvic Organs

Types of Image Segmentation

Model Geometry

Barriers to Optimal Geometric Representation

Conclusions

Chapter Fifteen: Segmentation of Images of the Pelvic Floor

Abstract

Introduction

Image Acquisition

Manual Segmentation/Template Pool Generation

Conclusions

Chapter Sixteen: Biomechanical Characterization of the Pelvic Floor Using Tactile Imaging

Abstract

Acknowledgments

Tactile Imaging

Bench Testing

Clinical Application

Summary

Conclusions

Section 4: Biomechanical Modeling and Simulation of the Pelvic Floor

Chapter Seventeen: The Role of Computational Tools in Biomechanics

Abstract

Acknowledgment

The Need for Better Software Tools

Methods and Capabilities

Applications

Conclusions

Chapter Eighteen: Applications of Pelvic Floor Modeling and Simulation

Abstract

Introduction

Developing Anatomical 3-D Models of the Pelvic Floor

Biomechanical Models of the Pelvic Floor

Applications of Pelvic Floor Models

Summary

Chapter Nineteen: Building Pelvic Floor Biomechanical Simulations

Abstract

Introduction

Image Processing

Obtaining the Geometry

Simulation

Interpretation of Results

Chapter Twenty: Biomechanics of Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Abstract

Acknowledgments

An Introduction to Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Using Systems Analysis to Assess Biomechanical Factors Involved in Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Using Biomechanical Modeling to Obtain Insights into the Pathomechanics of Prolapse

Discussion

Conclusions

Chapter Twenty-One: Biomechanical Childbirth Simulations

Abstract

Introduction

The Mechanics of Labor

Computational Simulation of Childbirth

Conclusions

Section 5: Conclusions

Chapter Twenty-Two: What the Future Holds