Fingerprints Processing and Understanding 2nd Edition by Sharon Plotkin 1000336443 9781000336443

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ISBN-10 :  1000336443 

ISBN-13 :  9781000336443

Author:  Sharon Plotkin 

Fingerprints: Analysis and Understanding the Science, Second Edition is a thorough update of Mark Hawthorne’s classic written by two professionals with combined experience not only in crime scene investigations but also as court-recognized experts in latent print examination. Designed as a concise text to cover the fundamental techniques and principles of obtaining and analyzing latent fingerprint evidence, the book is laid out and written in an easy to understand format for those front-line professionals collecting and analyzing fingerprint evidence. Over time, the degree of sophistication and education on fingerprints and friction ridge analysis has increased. Ultimately, through scientific study by pioneers in the field, the composition of friction skin soon became evident: that it could be used as a unique identifier of individuals. Now, fingerprints and footprints as unique identifiers—and their use in criminal cases—have become commonplace and an essential component of criminal investigation with most cases involving some component of fingerprint evidence. Divided into two parts, the book begins with the basics of analysis, providing a brief history, systematic methods of identification, fingerprint pattern types and their associated terminologies and current classifications. The second part of the book discusses the identification and presentation of evidence in the courtroom, demonstrating both the traditional, manual method of lifting prints and the newer techniques for automated and live scans. Coverage provides instruction on searching and developing latent prints, storage, and comparison of prints. New to this edition are updated techniques on collecting and preserving fingerprint evidence—including packaging and maintaining chain of custody. More detailed documentation processes, and additional chemical and lifting techniques, are described including use of light sources, latent backing cards and lifting material, casting material, ten print cards, and the enhancement of prints in blood. A discussion of laboratory equipment and comparison tools, the addition of photography techniques, and recent courtroom challenges to fingerprint evidence is also presented. Fingerprints, Second Edition will provide a hands-on, fresh look at the most commonly utilized evidence found at crime scenes: fingerprints. The book will provide law enforcement, crime scene personnel and students just such an opportunity to easily understand and grasp the concepts, and relevant issues, associated with friction skin and fingerprint evidence.

Fingerprints: Processing, Analysis and Understanding 2nd Table of contents:

Part I: Fingerprint Analysis
1 The History of Fingerprints
Outline of the History of Fingerprints
Early Cases Resulting in the Acceptance of Fingerprints
Early Nonsystematic Methods of Identification
Chapter 1 Study Questions
2 Systematic Methods of Identification
Bertillonage
Fingerprints
Definitions Associated with Fingerprints
Fingerprint Patterns and Ridge Characteristics
More Fingerprint Definitions
Chapter 2 Study Questions
3 Fingerprint Pattern Types and Associated Terminology
Loop Pattern
Loop Ridge Counting
Radial and Ulnar Loops
Other Issues Pertaining to Loops
Plain Arch and Tented Arch Patterns
The Plain Arch
The Tented Arch
The Whorl Pattern
Plain Whorl
Central Pocket Loop Whorl
Double Loop Whorl
Accidental Whorl
Ridge Tracing and Counting Whorl Patterns
The Palm Print
Chapter 3 Study Questions
4 Introduction to Classification Systems
Henry with FBI Extension
Ridge Count Conversion
Conversion Chart for Ridge Counts
Referencing
Filing Sequence
NCIC Classification System
IAFIS
Other Fingerprint Systems (Manual Methods or Systems)
Chapter 4 Study Questions
Part II: Development, Identification, and Presentation of Fingerprints
5 Known/Direct/Inked Fingerprints: Processing Technique for Unknown/Latent Fingerprints
Known Fingerprints
Manual Method
Live Scan
Unknown Fingerprints (Commonly Referred to as Latent Prints)
Conditions Affecting Latent Prints
The Crime Scene Search and Fingerprint Development
Fingerprint Development Techniques
Powder Techniques
Chemical Techniques
Ardrox Dye Stain—Aqueous Premix
Basic Yellow 40 Dye Stain
Fingerprint Comparison and Identification
Chapter 5 Study Questions
6 Court Preparation and Presentation
Preparation of the Exhibit
Courtroom Etiquette
Qualifying the Expert Witness
Courtroom Testimony
Presentation of the Exhibit
The historic case that allowed fingerprint evidence in the courtroom
Review
Challenges to the Science of Fingerprints
Federal Rules of Evidence Rule 702
Chapter 6 Study Questions

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Tags: Fingerprints, Processing, Analysis, Understanding, Sharon Plotkin