Fortress plant how to survive when everything wants to eat you 1st Edition by Dale Walters ISBN 0198745605 9780198745600

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ISBN 10:    0198745605
ISBN 13: 978-0198745600
Author:       Dale Walters

The survival of plants on our planet is nothing short of miraculous. They are virtually stationary packages of food, providing sustenance for a vast array of organisms, ranging from bacteria and fungi, through to insects, and even other plants.
But plants are master survivors, having coped with changing environments and evolving predators over much of the history of life on earth. They have surveillance systems and defences that would put most modern armies to shame. They need to have a formidable armoury, because their enemies have sophisticated weaponry of their own. In this often hostile world, battles are fought daily, often to the death. These battles are not trivial – they matter, because life on this fragile planet of ours depends on plants.
In this book Dale Walters takes readers on a journey through these battlefields, exploring how predators try to fool plants’ surveillance systems and, if they manage to do so, how they gain access to the nourishment they require. Incredibly, successful attackers can manipulate plant function in order to suppress any attempt by the plant to mount defensive action, while at the same time ensuring a steady supply of food for their own survival. Walters shows how plants respond to such attacks, the defences they use, and how the attacked plant can communicate its plight to its neighbours. These skirmishes represent the latest stage in an unending evolutionary war between plants and organisms that feed on them. These battles might be on a micro scale, but they are every bit as fierce, complicated, and fascinating as the battles between animal predators and prey.

Fortress plant : how to survive when everything wants to eat you 1st Table of contents:

1. How to Get Your Five-a-Day

2. Recognizing the Enemy

• Early Warning Systems
• Danger Signals
• Detecting the Non-Self
• The Nitty-Gritty of Receptors
• Detecting Bugs

3. Call to Arms

• Pain Relief and Plant Defence
• Immunizing Plants—You’ve Got to Be Joking!
• Aspirin is Not Just for Headaches
• Help! I’ve Been Wounded
• Larval Feeding and WASPs
• The Light Side of Caterpillar Feeding
• Whispers in the Wind
• Recruiting Carnivorous Bodyguards
• Plant Galls and Defence
• Enlisting the Help of Feathered Friends
• The Benefits of Talking to Oneself
• Dealing with Multiple Attackers
• Getting the Better of Defences

4. Weapons of War

• Let’s Get Physical
• Structural Reinforcements
• Chemical Warfare
• It Pays to Be Hairy
• Double Trouble—Hairy and Toxic
• Plants that Sting
• Let’s Get Really Physical
• Defence Can Be Tough

5. Deadly Chemistry

• Plant Poisons
• Smoking Kills
• Steroidal Nightmares
• Cabbages with Attitude
• Chemical Weapons Made to Order
• Dying to Save You
• Silencing the Enemy
• The Rhythm of Defence is a Wonderful Thing

6. A Little Help from Your Friends

• Plants and Fungi Can Live Together Peacefully
• Forming a Relationship
• Bacterial Allies
• Preventing Greed in a Mutualistic Symbiosis
• Microbial Protectors
• Establishing a Network of Friends
• Hidden Helpers
• Making Your Mind Up—Endophyte or Pathogen?
• Ants to the Rescue

7. The Never-Ending Struggle

• Putting a Price on Defence
• Seeing Patterns in Plant Defence
• Plant Invasions and Defences
• Shifting Defences
• To Be Seen is to Be Eaten
• Availability of Resources
• Controlling Defence is a Balancing Act
• Evolution of Plant Defence—Where Do Beneficial Microbes Fit In?
• Looking for Patterns in the Evolution of Plant Defence
• Some Things Are Just Too Complicated to Repeat
• Why Are There So Many Defence Chemicals?
• What About the Genes During Co-Evolution?
• Plant Defence—War Without End

8. Martial Arts for Plants

• It’s All About Breeding
• How to Breed for Resistance
• Resistance Comes in Many Forms
• Mixing Things Up—Making Life Difficult for the Attacker
• Immunizing Plants—It’s No Joke
• Airborne Defence
• Companions in Arms
• Genetic Engineering to Protect Crops
• Silencing the Genes
• CRISPR Plant Defence
• Genetic Engineering and Crop Protection—Where to Next?

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