From Models to Simulations 1st Edition by Franck Varenne ISBN 1351660926 9781351660921

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ISBN 10: 1351660926 
ISBN 13: 9781351660921
Author: Franck Varenne

This book analyses the impact computerization has had on contemporary science and explains the origins, technical nature and epistemological consequences of the current decisive interplay between technology and science: an intertwining of formalism, computation, data acquisition, data and visualization and how these factors have led to the spread of simulation models since the 1950s. Using historical, comparative and interpretative case studies from a range of disciplines, with a particular emphasis on the case of plant studies, the author shows how and why computers, data treatment devices and programming languages have occasioned a gradual but irresistible and massive shift from mathematical models to computer simulations. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.

From Models to Simulations 1st Table of contents:

1 Geometric and Botanic Simulation

The Probabilistic Simulation of Branching Biological Shapes: Cohen (1966)

The Epistemic Functions of Modular Programming, Simulation and Visualization

The First Geometric and Realistic Simulation of Trees (Honda–Fisher, 1971–1977)

The Limitations of Morphometry and of Thermodynamics of Trees

The First Geometric Simulation of an Actual Tree: Terminalia

A Recap of Geometric Simulation

2 The Logical Model and Algorithmic Simulation of Algae

A Botanist Won Over by Logical Positivism: The “Theory of Lifecycles” by A. Lindenmayer (1963–1965)

Unusable Set of Axioms and Used Set of Axioms

From Logical Theory to Automata Theory (1966–1967)

The “Developmental Model” and the Rules of Rewriting (1968)

The Dispute with Brian Carey Goodwin Regarding “Natural” Formalisms

Recap: The Computer as Automata Model and Deductive Machine

3 The limitations of Biometric Models and the Transition to Simulation in Agronomy

The Institutional and Technical Context of the IFCC (1966–1971)

Transferring a Little Bit of Econometrics to Biometrics: A Problem of Optimization (1974)

The First Application of Plant Simulation in Agronomics (1974–1975)

Fragmented Modelling and Geometric Simulation: De Reffye (1975–1981)

Simulation, Imitation and the Sub-Symbolic Use of Formalisms

4 A Random and Universal Architectural Simulation

Making Headway in Botany: The Notion of “Architectural Model” (1966–1978)

The Search for Botanical Realism (1978–1979)

Criticisms of Theoretical Models

Criticisms of Biometric Models

A Mixed Reception (1979–1981)

5 Convergence Between Integrative Simulation and Computer Graphics

The Relaunch of Research into Architectural Simulation (1985–1991)

Jaeger’s Thesis: The Prefixed Model and Synthesis of Botanical Images (1987)

Blaise’s Thesis: The Simulation of Bud Parallelism (1991)

How can an Integrative Simulation be Validated?

6 Convergence Between Universal Simulation and Forestry (1990–1998)

An Epistemological Dispute Between Modellers: INRA and CIRAD

Conceptual and Institutional Convergence: The CIRAD/INRA Partner Laboratory (1995)

The Empirical Value of Simulation

Supra-Simulations

7 The Remathematization of Simulations (From 1998 onwards)

The First Mixed Structure-Function Model: “Water Efficiency” (1997–1999)

The Parallel Evolution of Algorithmic Simulation: 1984–1994

Simulating the Individual Plant in Order to Observe Crop Functioning (1997–2000)

The Association between AMAP and INRIA: Sub-Structures and Factorization (1998–2006)

Recap: Pluriformalized Simulation and Convergence Between Disciplines

8 Twenty-One Functions of Models and Three Types of Simulations – Classifications and Applications

General Function, Main Functions and Specific Functions of Models

General Characterization and Classification of Computer Simulations

System Simulation, Model Simulation, System-simulation Model and Model-Simulation Model

Applications to Different Plant Models and Plant Simulations

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