Necessary Existence 1st edition by Alexander Pruss 9780191063893 0191063894

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• ISBN 10:0191063894 

• ISBN 13:9780191063893

• Author:Alexander Pruss 

Necessary Existence
Necessary Existence breaks ground on one of the deepest questions anyone ever asks: why is there anything? The classic answer is in terms of a necessary foundation. Yet, why think that is the correct answer? Pruss and Rasmussen present an original defense of the hypothesis that there is a concrete necessary being capable of providing a foundation for the existence of things. They offer six main arguments, divided into six chapters. The first argument is an up-to-date presentation and assessment of a traditional causal-based argument from contingency. The next five arguments are new “possibility-based” arguments that make use of twentieth-century advances in modal logic. The arguments present possible pathways to an intriguing and far-reaching conclusion. The final chapter answers the most challenging objections to the existence of necessary things. 

Necessary Existence 1st Table of contents:

1. Introduction
1.1 The Question of Necessary Existence
1.2 Why Necessary Existence Matters
1.3 The “Necessary Being” Survey Results
2. Metaphysical Possibility and Necessity
2.1 Introduction
2.2 What is Metaphysical Modality?
2.3 Modal Logic
2.4 The S5 Ontological Argument and Two‐dimensional Semantics
3. An Argument from Contingency
3.1 Introduction
3.2 The Argument from Contingency
3.3 On Behalf of the Premises
3.4 Objections
3.5 Concluding Assessment
4. An Argument from Possible Causes
4.1 Introduction
4.2 The Modal Argument from Beginnings
4.3 On Behalf of the Premises
4.4 Objections
4.5 Concluding Assessment
5. From Possible Causes II
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Restricted Causal Principles
5.3 The Restricted Modal Argument
5.4 On Behalf of the Premises
5.5 Objections
5.6 Concluding Assessment
6. From Modal Uniformity
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Uniformity as a Guide to Possibility
6.3 Restricted Modal Uniformity
6.4 Applications to Arguments from Contingency
6.5 Objection
6.6 Concluding Assessment
7. From Necessary Abstracta to Necessary Concreta
7.1 Introduction
7.2 The Main Argument
7.3 Necessarily There Are Abstracta
7.4 If there are Abstracta, There are Concreta
7.5 It’s Possible for There to Be No Contingent Concrete Entities
7.6 Weakening the Possibility of No Concreta
7.7 Concluding Assessment
8. The Argument from Perfections
8.1 History and Introduction
8.2 The Main Argument
8.3 Positivity and the Formal Axioms
8.4 Necessary Existence is Positive
8.5 Being Capable of Causing is Positive
8.6 Doing Without Properties
8.7 Theism and the Problem of Evil
8.8 Oppy’s Parody
8.9 Concluding Assessment
9. Arguments against a Necessary Being
9.1 Introduction
9.2 The Argument from Conceivability
9.3 The Semantic Problem
9.4 The Logic Argument
9.5 The Subtraction Argument
9.6 Problems with Causation
9.7 The Costly Addition
9.8 Concluding Assessment
Appendix
A.1 Introduction
A.3 From Almost Necessity to Necessity
A.4 Particular Kinds of Concrete Necessary Objects
A.5 Causation
A.6 Human Life
A.7 Miscellaneous
Bibliography
Index

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