Palmyra A History 1st edition by Michael Sommer 0415720028 9780415720021

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ISBN-10 :  0415720028 

ISBN-13 :  9780415720021

Author:  Michael Sommer 

Palmyra: A History examines Palmyra, the city in the Syrian oasis of Tadmur, from its beginnings in the Bronze Age, through the classical period and its discovery and excavation, to the present day. It aims at reconstructing Palmyra’s past from literary accounts – classical and post-classical – as well as material evidence of all kinds: inscriptions, coins, art and of course the remains of Palmyra’s monumental architecture. After exploring the earliest inhabitation of Tadmur, the volume moves through the Persian and Hellenistic periods, to the city’s zenith. Under the Romans, Palmyra was unique among the cities of the empire because it became a political factor in its own right in the third century AD, when the Roman military was overpowered by Sassanian invaders and Palmyrene troops stepped in. Sommer’s assessment of Palmyra under Rome therefore considers how Palmyra achieved such an exceptional role in the Roman Near East, before its demise under the Umayyad Empire. The volume also examines the century-long history of archaeological and historical research at Palmyra, from its beginnings under Ottoman rule and the French mandate in the 1920s to the recent satellite based prospection carried out by German archaeologists. A closing chapter examines the occupation of the site by ISIS during the Syrian conflict, and the implications of the destruction there on the ruins, the archaeological finds and future investigations, and heritage in Syria more broadly. Palmyra offers academics, students and the interested reader alike the first full treatment in English of this fascinating site, providing a comprehensive account of the city’s origins, rise and fall.

 

Palmyra A History 1st Table of contents:

1 Avenues to Palmyra
Rediscovery
Twinkling Pictures
Palmyra: The History of a City
Notes
2 Palmyra Before the Palmyrenes
Transition of Physical Features
The Palmyrene
The Oasis of Tadmur
From Camp to Settlement
Notes
3 From Akkad to Antioch: Syria, the Great Powers and the Rise of a World-System
Peripheral Location and Imperial Cycle: Syria at the Mercy of the Great Powers
Long-Distance Trade and Social Organization in the Ancient Near East
The Phoenicians
A New Era
The World After Alexander
Endgame for Syria
Notes
4 Privata Sorte Inter Duo Imperia: Palmyra Between Rome and Parthia
Palmyra: The Hellenistic City
The Parthians and the Steppe Frontier
Pompey and the Consequences
Interlude: Antony in Palmyra
Becoming a City
Notes
5 In the wake of the Empire
Pluriverse of Identities: The Roman Empire
Romanization
Horizons of Identity: City and Tribe
Notes
6 Palmyra’s war and peace
Trial and Error: Rome’s Stratigraphy of Power in the Near East
Annexations: Syria and the Client States from Tiberius to the Flavians
Conflict-Zone Euphrates: Corbulo and Trajan against the Parthians
A Distinguished Visitor: Hadrian in Palmyra
Rome on the Offensive: From Lucius Verus to Caracalla
Notes
7 Claiming the Empire
The Path to Edessa
The Unstoppable ascent of Odainat of Palmyra
The Lion of Tadmur
Zenobia Augusta
Last Act
Notes
8 Palmyra: Aspects – perspectives
Explorations
Blurs
Caravans
Institutions
Identities
Notes
9 Palmyra After the Palmyrenes
Under the Sign of the Cross: From Rome to Constantinople
Under the crescent: From Constantinople to Damascus
Legendary Palmyra
Notes
10 The End of Civilization: Palmyra’s Second Downfall in the Syrian Civil War
Between the Frontlines
Finis Palmyrae?
Notes

 

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Tags: Palmyra, A History, Michael Sommer, Bronze Age