Poverty in the United States Women’s Voices 1st Edition by Ann Leary, Paula Frew ISBN 3319438336 9783319438337

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Product details:

ISBN 10:      3319438336
ISBN 13: 978-3319438337
Author:      Ann O’Leary, Paula M. Frew

Poverty in the United States Women’s Voices 1st Table of contents:

Chapter 1: Women and Poverty in the USA

• Introduction
• Description of Poverty Among US Women
• Epidemiology of HIV Among US Women
• Summary of HPTN 064
• Rationale for Study
• Study Design
• Recruitment and Study Procedures
• Determination of HIV Incidence
• Qualitative Substudy
• Study Results
• Implications
• References

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Chapter 2: Qualitative Methodological Approach

• Introduction
• Study Methods
• Study Design
• Phase 1: Pre-implementation
• Phase 2: Implementation
• Phase 3: Qualitative Coding and Analysis
  • Stage 1: Structural Coding
  • Stage 2: Member Checking
  • Stage 3: Advanced Systematic Analysis
• Lessons Learned and Considerations for Future Research
• Recommendations
• References

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Chapter 3: The Intersection of Women’s Health and Poverty

• Introduction
• Poverty and Income Inequality
• Housing Inequality and Insecurity
• Incarceration Rates, Sexual Concurrency, and Intimate Partner Violence
• Theoretical Orientation
• Methods
• Overview of Qualitative Findings
  • Exosystem: Community
    • Poverty Pervasiveness
    • Perceived Discrimination
    • Housing Policies and Insecurity
    • Gender Imbalances
    • Community Violence
  • Mesosystem: Social
    • Sexual Concurrency
    • Community Social Support
  • Microsystem: Social
    • Sex Exchange
    • Dyadic Social Support
    • Intimate Partner Violence
  • Individual Level
    • Sexual Risk-Taking Behaviors
    • Substance Use
• Discussion
• Policy Implications
• References

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Chapter 4: Food Insecurity Experienced by Women Living in Poverty

• Introduction
• Interview and Focus Group Results
  • Trade-Offs
  • Food Assistance
    • SNAP
    • Emergency Food Resources
    • Informal Support
  • High-Risk Coping Strategies
    • Sex Exchange
    • Theft
    • Selling Plasma
    • Empathy and Generosity: Sharing with Others
• Policy Implications
• References

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Chapter 5: Poverty, Personal Experiences of Violence, and Mental Health: Understanding Their Complex Intersections

• Introduction
• Mental Health of Low-Income Women
• Identified Reasons for the Connection Between Poverty and Poor Mental Health Among Low-Income Women
• Intimate Partner Violence Among Low-Income Women
  • Effect of Intimate Partner Violence on Mental Health
• The Role of Resilience on the Mental Health of Low-Income Women
  • The Role of Treatment on Mental Health
• Interrelationships Among Poverty, Personal Violence Experiences, and Mental Health
  • Prevalence of Personal Violence Experiences and Mental Health of the HPTN 064 Cohort
  • Neighborhood Violence-Induced Stress
  • Experiences of Sexual Abuse and Rape
  • Intimate Partner Violence
  • Effects of Neighborhood, Sexual, and Interpersonal Violence on Emotional Well-Being
    • Fear, Anxiety, and Constant Worry
    • Silence, Avoiding, and Withdrawal
    • Anger
    • Fatalism and Weariness
    • Financial Stress
• The Effect of Poor Mental Health on Poverty
• Resilience and Overcoming Abuse, Violence, and Financial Stress
  • Intrapersonal Resilience
  • Interpersonal Resilience
• Conclusions: Clinical and Policy Implications
• References

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Chapter 6: Substance Use Among Women in Poverty

• Introduction
• Drug and Alcohol Treatment for Women: Challenges Persist
• Methods
• Data Analysis Process
• Results
  • Ubiquity of Drugs and Alcohol in Neighborhoods and Social Networks
  • Violence Associated with Drugs and Alcohol
  • Financial Implications and Drugs and Alcohol
  • Hope, Resilience, and Recovery
• Policy Implications
  • Improving Financial Situations
  • Dealing with High Prevalence of Drugs and Associated Violence
  • Capitalizing on Resiliency
• Conclusion
• References

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Chapter 7: The Role of Social Support for Women Living in Poverty

• Introduction
• Poverty and the Family
• Poverty and Social Support
• Poverty and Community
• Themes in the Data
• Policy Implications
  • Bridging Community Integration
  • Family Strengthening
  • Childcare and School Resources
  • Building Coping Mechanisms
• Conclusion
• References

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Chapter 8: Partner Concurrency and Relationship Dynamics

• Introduction
• Relationship Status
• Hegemonic Aspects of Heterosexual Relationships
• Concurrency Within Relationships
• Relationship Dynamics and Poverty
• Health Implications Associated with Concurrency
• Partner Concurrency and Relationship Dynamics
  • Relationship Views and Desires: “She Wants to Be in a Relationship.”
  • Sexual Concurrency: “There’s a Little Bit of Cheating in Everybody.”
  • Health Implications: “… Even Though A Woman’s Not Promiscuous, If Her Partner Is, You’re Put at Risk.”
• Policy Implications
• References

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Chapter 9: The Logic of Exchange Sex Among Women Living in Poverty

• Introduction
• Exchange Sex, Poverty, and HIV Risk in the USA
• Exchange Sex Among Women Living in Poverty: HPTN 064 Interview and Focus Groups Results
  • Reasons for Having Exchange Sex
  • Reasons for Not Having Exchange Sex
  • Evaluating Exchange Sex Among Women
  • Men and Exchange Sex
• Discussion
• Policy Implications
• References

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Chapter 10: Physical Safety and Neighborhood Issues

• Introduction
• The Creation of Poverty
• Racial Divide and Poverty
• Crime and Violence in Disadvantaged Neighborhoods
• Neighborhood Safety Issues and Women
• Physical Safety and Neighborhood Among HPTN 064 Participants
  • Characteristics of Impoverished Neighborhoods
  • Elevated Rates of Crimes
  • Social Disorganization
  • Personal Safety and Victimization
  • Generational Concerns of Physical Violence and Safety
• Policy Implications
• References

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Chapter 11: Housing and Health: Exploring the Complex Intersections Between Housing Environments and Women’s Health

• Introduction
• Intersections Between Social and Built Environments, Physical Condition, and Reliability of Housing
  • Social and Built Environment
  • Physical Condition
  • Stability and Reliability
• Understanding the Role of Housing for Women Living in Poverty: HPTN 064 Interview and Focus Group Results
  • Life Circumstances
  • Financial Constraints
  • Housing Policy
  • Proximity to Public Transportation and Other Resources
  • Desire to Live Independently
  • Neighborhood Attributes
    • Highly Visible Social Disorder, “the Projects”
    • Neighborhoods in Transition
    • “Nice, Quiet” Neighborhoods
  • Physical Condition of Housing
  • Reliability of Housing
  • Individual and Collective Efficacy
• Policy Implications
• References

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Chapter 12: Descriptions of Gun Violence

• Introduction
• Connection to Youth
• The HPTN 064 Data
  • Frequency
  • Proximity
  • War Analogies
• Reasons for Gun Violence
  • Sexual Assault
  • Drug Related
  • Accidental
  • Retribution/Prevention of Disclosure of Criminal Activity
  • Over Little or Nothing
  • Funerals
• Fear and Concern About Loved Ones
• Methods for Avoiding Danger
  • Defensive Fatalism
• Role of Police
• Policy Implications
• References

 

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