Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 238 1st Edition by Pim De Voogt 9783319307909 3319307908

1 Introduction

2 Surface Waters

2.1 Industrial Compounds

2.2 Natural and Synthetic Estrogens

2.3 Phytoestrogens and Phytosterols

2.4 Pharmaceuticals

2.5 Pesticides

2.6 Portuguese vs European Surface Water: Occurrence of PSs and EOPs

3 Groundwater and Drinking Waters

3.1 Pesticides

3.2 Pharmaceuticals

3.3 Portuguese vs European Groundwater and Drinking Water: Occurrence of PSs and EOPs

4 Influent and Effluent Wastewaters

4.1 Pharmaceuticals

4.2 Personal Care Products

4.3 Portuguese vs European Wastewaters: Occurrence of PSs and EOPs

5 Summary

References

Lead Toxicity, Antioxidant Defense and Environment

1 Introduction

2 Chemical Form and Properties of Lead

3 Lead and Environment

4 Lead Effect on Health

4.1 Effect on the Nervous System

4.2 Effect on the Hematopoietic System

4.3 Effect on the Reproductive System

4.4 Effect on the Kidney

4.5 Effect on the Bone

5 Molecular Mechanism of Lead Toxicity: Oxidative Stress and Cation Action

6 The Role of Antioxidants in Protecting Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress

6.1 Flavonoids and Polyphenols

6.2 Vitamins

6.3 Antioxidants Availability and Nanoparticles

7 Summary

References

Persistent Organic Pollutants and Concern Over the Link with Insulin Resistance Related Metabolic Di

1 Introduction

2 Methods

3 Results

3.1 POPs and Metabolic Disorders of Insulin Resistance

3.1.1 Epidemiological Evidences

3.1.2 Experimental Evidences

3.2 POPs and Inflammation

4 Discussion

5 Conclusion

References

Pharmaceuticals May Disrupt Natural Chemical Information Flows and Species Interactions in Aquatic S

1 Introduction

2 Natural Information Transfer via Infochemicals in Aquatic Ecosystems

3 Current Levels of Pharmaceuticals Affect Organisms

3.1 Direct and Indirect Effects

3.2 Infodisruption and Mimicry

4 Conclusions and Future Directions

5 Summary

References

Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (TENORM) in the Oil and Gas Indus

1 Introduction

2 Reported Levels of Natural Radionuclides in the Oil Industry

3 NORM Action Limits

4 Radiological Exposure for Public, Workers, and Environmental Impact of TENORM

5 The Acceptability of Occupational Risks in Industry

6 Health Effects of Ionizing Radiations

7 Recommended Radiation Dose Limits

8 Recommendations

9 Conclusion

10 Summary