Tantalizing Therapeutics in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia 1st Edition by Vineet Bhandari ISBN 0128189916 9780128189917

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Product details:

ISBN 10:  0128189916
ISBN 13: 978-0128189917
Author:      Vineet Bhandari

Tantalizing Therapeutics in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia 1st Table of contents:

1. Current Therapeutics: State of the Art

1.1 Systemic and Topical Glucocorticoids to Prevent BPD

• Introduction
• Dexamethasone
• Dexamethasone and Hydrocortisone in the Brain: Different Actions, Different Outcomes?
• Hydrocortisone
• Other Systemic Steroids
• Topical Steroids (Inhaled and Instilled)
• Conclusion
• References

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2. Use of Caffeine for Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

2.1 Overview of Caffeine in Premature Neonates

• Brief History of Caffeine Use in Premature Neonates
• Epidemiology of Caffeine Use
• Pharmacology of Caffeine in Premature Neonates
• Cellular Mechanism of Action of Caffeine
• Mechanism of Action of Caffeine for Prevention of BPD
• Dosing and Route of Caffeine Administration
• Drug Interactions with Caffeine
• Serum Drug Monitoring for Caffeine
• Timing of Caffeine Use: Early vs. Late
• Evidence for the Use of Late Caffeine for Prevention of BPD
• Evidence for the Use of Early Caffeine for Prevention of BPD
• Adverse Effects of Caffeine
• Caffeine and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
• Caffeine Controversies
• What is the Optimal Duration of Caffeine?
• Is it Safe to Discharge Babies Home on Caffeine?
• Conclusions
• Recommendations
• References

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3. Next-Generation Ventilation Strategies to Prevent and Manage BPD

3.1 Introduction

• Pathophysiology of Ventilator-Associated Lung Injury
• General Strategies to Prevent BPD
• Respiratory Support at Birth and Lung Injury
• Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) in the Delivery Room
• Sustained Inflation (SI)
• Non-invasive Respiratory Support
• Less Invasive Surfactant Administration
• Lung-Protective Strategies of Mechanical Ventilation
• Volume-Controlled and Volume-Targeted Ventilation
• Volume-Controlled vs. Volume-Targeted Ventilation
• How Does Volume-Targeted Ventilation (VTV) Work?
• Documented Benefits of Volume-Controlled and Volume-Targeted Ventilation
• Clinical Guidelines for VTV in Preterm Infants
• Importance of the Open Lung Strategy
• High-Frequency Ventilation
• Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist (NAVA)
• Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV)
• Respiratory Support for Infants with Established BPD
• Conclusion
• References

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4. Ongoing Therapeutic Studies with Translational Potential

4.1 Endpoints for Therapeutic Trials for BPD: Lessons Learned from Clinical Trials

• Limitations of Common BPD Definitions as Clinical Trial Endpoints
• Does BPD Diagnosis Predict Long-Term Outcomes?
• Is 36 Weeks Postmenstrual Age (PMA) the Optimal Timing for BPD Endpoints?
• Is 40 Weeks PMA a Better Endpoint?
• Single-Day Diagnosis vs. Protracted Hospital Stay for BPD Diagnosis
• Should BPD Diagnosis Be Based on Oxygen Use or Positive Pressure?
• Advantages of Graded Severity Scores for BPD
• Incorporating Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) as Endpoints in Clinical Trials
• Respiratory Death as an Outcome
• Defining Clinical Trial Endpoints After NICU Discharge
• Long-Term Clinical Trial Endpoints – How Long is Too Long?
• Conclusion
• References

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5. Exogenous Surfactant in the Fight Against BPD

5.1 Conventional and Late Surfactant Therapy

• Conventional Surfactant Therapy and BPD
• Late Surfactant Therapy and BPD
• New Modes of Surfactant Administration
• Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Surfactant
• Exogenous Surfactant Preparations in Clinical Use
• Newer Synthetic Surfactants
• Surfactant Proteins A and D
• Surfactant as a Vehicle for Anti-Inflammatory Therapy
• Surfactant Therapy: Right Place, Right Time, Right Patient
• Known Effects of Relevant Additives on Surfactant Biophysics
• Surfactant and Therapy Potency in BPD
• Specific Therapies Partnered with Surfactant
• Conclusion
• References

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6. Stem Cells in the Treatment of BPD

6.1 Clinical Translation Challenges and Opportunities

• The Right Cells
• Sources of Stem Cells
• Allogenic vs. Autologous MSCs
• Standardization of MSCs
• Preconditioning of MSCs
• Genetic Engineering of MSCs
• The Right Patients
• The Right Route of Administration
• The Right Timing and Dose
• Long-Term Outcomes and Safety of MSC Transplantation
• Conclusions
• References

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7. Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in BPD Therapy

7.1 Introduction and Rationale for Stem Cell-Based Therapies

• EVs: Intro and Nomenclature
• EV Isolation Methods
• EV Characterization Methods
• EVs as Therapeutic Vectors
• EVs in BPD
• Acknowledgment
• References

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8. Growth Factors in BPD Therapy

8.1 Introduction

• Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1)
• Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)
• Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)
• Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF)
• Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF)
• Endothelial Monocyte-Activating Polypeptide (EMAP II)
• Transforming Growth Factor Alpha (TGF-α)
• Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β)
• Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF)
• Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)
• Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF)
• Keratinocyte Growth Factor (KGF)
• Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF)
• Summary and Conclusions
• References

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9. Antenatal Approaches in BPD Therapy

9.1 Antenatal Treatments to Prevent BPD

• Antenatal Targets to Decrease BPD
• Maternal Factors Influencing Fetal Lung Development
  • Pre-existing Maternal Conditions (e.g., Hypertension, BMI, Toxin Exposure)
• Placental Factors Influencing Fetal Lung Development
  • Inflammatory and Anti-inflammatory Micronutrients
  • Abnormal Placentation (VEGF, IL-1 Antagonists)
• Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR)
• Intra-Amniotic Therapies (e.g., VEGF, Epidermal Growth Factor, Stem Cells)
• Antenatal Steroid Therapy and Other Approaches to Advance Lung Maturation
• Fetal Tracheal Occlusion, Intra-Tracheal Drug Delivery, Placental Replacement
• Conclusion
• References

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10. miRs: Master Regulators in BPD Therapy?

10.1 Introduction

• MicroRNA and Early Lung Development
• MicroRNA and Late Lung Development
• MicroRNAs as Risk Predictors and Therapeutic Targets for BPD
• miRs and BPD’s Sex Predilection
• miRs and the Lung Microbiome
• Conclusions
• Funding
• References

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11. Immune Modulators for the Therapy of BPD

11.1 Introduction

• Antenatal Corticosteroids
• Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF)
• MIF and BPD
• IL-1β and the NLRP3 Inflammasome
• Therapeutic Potential of IL-1RA (Anakinra)
• NLRP3 Inflammasome as a Therapeutic Target
• Surfactant Protein D and Neonatal Lung Disease
• Conclusion
• References

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