Zinc Batteries Basics Development and Applications 1st Edition by Rajender Boddula ISBN 1119661897 9781119661894

1. Carbon Nanomaterials for Zn-Ion Batteries

• 1.1 Introduction

• 1.2 Co4N (CN) – Carbon Fibers Network (CFN) – Carbon Cloth (CC)

• 1.3 N-Doping of Carbon Nanofibers

• 1.4 NiCo2S4 on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotubes

• 1.5 3D Phosphorous and Sulfur Co-Doped C3N4 Sponge with C Nanocrystal

• 1.6 2D Carbon Nanosheets

• 1.7 N-Doped Graphene Oxide with NiCo2O4

• 1.8 Conclusions

• Acknowledgements

• References

2. Construction, Working, and Applications of Different Zn-Based Batteries

• 2.1 Introduction

• 2.2 History

• 2.3 Types of Batteries

  • 2.3.1 Primary Battery

  • 2.3.2 Secondary Battery

• 2.4 Zinc-Carbon Batteries

• 2.5 Zinc-Cerium Batteries

• 2.6 Zinc-Bromine Flow Batteries

• References

3. Nickel and Cobalt Materials for Zn Batteries

• 3.1 Introduction

• 3.2 Zinc Batteries

• 3.3 Nickel-Zinc Battery

  • 3.3.1 History

  • 3.3.2 Basics

  • 3.3.3 Materials and Cost

  • 3.3.4 Reliability

  • 3.3.5 Voltage Drop

  • 3.3.6 Performance

• 3.4 Advantages

• 3.5 Challenges

• 3.6 Effect of Metallic Additives, Cobalt and Zinc, on Nickel Electrode

• 3.7 Conclusion

• References

4. Manganese-Based Materials for Zn Batteries

• 4.1 Introduction

• 4.2 History of the Zinc and Zinc Batteries

• 4.3 Characteristics of Batteries

  • 4.3.1 Capacity

  • 4.3.2 Current

  • 4.3.3 Power Density

• 4.4 Mn-Based Zn Batteries

• 4.5 Conclusion

• References

5. Electrolytes for Zn-Ion Batteries

• 5.1 Introduction

• 5.2 Electrolytes for Rechargeable Zinc Ion Batteries (RZIBs)

  • 5.2.1 Aqueous Electrolytes (AqEs)

    • 5.2.1.1 Pros and Cons of AEs

    • 5.2.1.2 Neutral or Mildly Acidic Electrolytes

  • 5.2.2 Non-Aqueous Electrolytes

    • 5.2.2.1 Solid Polymer Electrolytes

    • 5.2.2.2 Hydrogel or Gel Electrolytes

    • 5.2.2.3 Gel Polymer Electrolytes

  • 5.2.3 Ionic Liquid Electrolytes

  • 5.2.4 Bio-Electrolyte

• 5.3 Summary

• Abbreviation Table

• Acknowledgements

• References

6. Anode Materials for Zinc-Ion Batteries

• 6.1 Introduction

• 6.2 Storage Mechanism

• 6.3 Zinc-Ion Battery Anodes

• 6.4 Future Prospects

• 6.5 Conclusion

• References

7. Cathode Materials for Zinc-Air Batteries

• 7.1 Introduction

  • 7.1.1 Cathode Definition

• 7.2 Zinc Cathode Structure

• 7.3 Non-Valuable Materials for Cathode Electrocatalytic

• 7.4 Electrochemical Specifications of Activated Carbon as a Cathode

  • 7.4.1 Electrochemical Evaluation of Cathode Substances La1−XCaxCoO3 Zinc Batteries

• 7.5 Extremely Durable and Inexpensive Cathode Air Catalyst

  • 7.5.1 Co3O4/MnO2 NPs Dual Oxygen Catalyst as Cathode for Zn-Air Rechargeable Battery

  • 7.5.2 Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) Employing Nitrogen as Catalyst in the Zinc/Air Battery System

  • 7.5.3 Magnesium Oxide NPs Modified Catalyst for the Use of Air Electrodes in Zn/Air Batteries

  • 7.5.4 Silver-Magnesium Oxide Nanocatalysts as Cathode for Zn-Air Batteries

  • 7.5.5 One-Step Preparation of C-N Ni/Co-Doped Nanotube Hybrid as Outstanding Cathode Catalysts for Zinc-Air Batteries

• 7.6 Hierarchical Co3O4 Nano-Micro Array with Superior Working Characteristics Using Cathode Ray on Pliable and Rechargeable Battery

• 7.7 Dual Function Oxygen Catalyst Upon Active Iron-Based Zn-Air Rechargeable Batteries

  • 7.7.1 Co4N and NC Fiber Coupling Connected to a Free-Acting Binary Cathode for Strong, Efficient, and Pliable Air Batteries

• 7.8 Conclusion

• Nomenclature

• References

8. Anode Materials for Zinc-Air Batteries

• 8.1 Introduction

• 8.2 Zinc Anodes

  • 8.2.1 Downsizing of Zn Anodes

  • 8.2.2 Design of Membrane Separators

  • 8.2.3 The Use of ZnO Instead of Zn

  • 8.2.4 Increase of Surface Area in Zn Anode Structure

  • 8.2.5 Coating of Zn Anode

    • 8.2.5.1 Bismuth Oxide-Based Glasses

    • 8.2.5.2 Silica

    • 8.2.5.3 Carbon Nanotubes

    • 8.2.5.4 ZnO@C

    • 8.2.5.5 Zn-Al LDHs

    • 8.2.5.6 ZnO@C-ZnAl LDHs

    • 8.2.5.7 Tapioca

    • 8.2.5.8 TiO2

• 8.3 Conclusions

• References

9. Safety and Environmental Impacts of Zn Batteries

• 9.1 Introduction

• 9.2 Working Principle of Zinc-Based Batteries

  • 9.2.1 Zinc-Air Batteries Basic Principle and Advances

  • 9.2.2 Zinc Organic Polymer Batteries

  • 9.2.3 Zinc-Ion Batteries

    • 9.2.3.1 Zinc-Silver Batteries

    • 9.2.3.2 Zinc-Nickel Batteries

    • 9.2.3.3 Zinc-Manganese Battery

• 9.3 Batteries: Environmental Impact, Solution, and Safety

  • 9.3.1 Disposal of Batteries and Environmental Impact

  • 9.3.2 Recycling of Zinc-Based Batteries

• 9.4 Conclusion

• Acknowledgement

• References

10. Basics and Developments of Zinc-Air Batteries

• 10.1 Introduction

  • 10.1.1 Public Specifications

• 10.2 Zinc-Air Electrode Chemical Reaction

• 10.3 Zinc/Air Battery Construction

• 10.4 Primary Zn/Air Batteries

• 10.5 Principles of Configuration and Operation

• 10.6 Developments in Electrical Fuel Zn/Air Batteries

  • 10.6.1 Zn/Air Versus Metal/Air Systems

• 10.7 Conclusion

• References

11. History and Development of Zinc Batteries

• 11.1 Introduction

• 11.2 Basic Concept

  • 11.2.1 Components of Batteries

  • 11.2.2 Classification of Batteries

    • 11.2.2.1 Primary Batteries

    • 11.2.2.2 Secondary or Rechargeable Batteries (RBs)

• 11.3 Cell Operation

  • 11.3.1 Process of Discharge

  • 11.3.2 Process of Charge

• 11.4 History

• 11.5 Different Types of Zinc Batteries

  • 11.5.1 Zinc-Carbon Primary Batteries

  • 11.5.2 Zinc-Nickel Batteries

  • 11.5.3 Zinc-Cobalt Batteries

  • 11.5.4 Zinc-Lead Batteries

  • 11.5.5 Zinc-Manganese Batteries

• 11.6 Conclusion